The natural abundance of 13C, 15N, 34S and 14C in archived (1923-2000) plant and soil samples from the Askov long-term experiments on animal manure and mineral fertilizer
The natural abundance of 13C, 15N, 34S and 14C in archived (1923-2000) plant and soil samples from the Askov long-term experiments on animal manure and mineral fertilizer
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DOI：
10.1002/rcm.2156
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发表时间：
2005-01-01
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Christensen, BT
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bol, R;Eriksen, J;Christensen, BT
Askov田间试验（丹麦），成立于1894年，提供了一个独特的机会，研究长期影响的动物粪便和矿物肥料对土壤有机质的质量和营业额。这种桑迪壤土被归类为Alfisol（典型的Hapludalf）。选择1923年、1938年、1945年、1953年、1964年、1976年、1985年、1996年和2000年存档的土壤样品，从未施肥（O）、动物粪便（1 AM）和矿物肥料（1 NPK）处理中测定了土壤C、N、S、C-13、（15 N）、S-34和C-14含量。这些处理被嵌入在冬季谷物、块根作物、春季谷物和三叶草/草混合物的四道作物轮作中。还测定了1953-1996年所选作物样品和同期动物饲料和粪便样品中C、N、S、C-13、N-15和S-34的含量。除1 AM和1 NPK处理的硫含量外，施肥处理间土壤养分和同位素的时间变化趋势均存在显著差异。土壤全C、全S含量在1AM和1 NPK处理高于O处理。土壤全氮含量（1 AM > 1 NPK > O）和δ N-15含量（1 AM > 1 NPK和O）也存在差异。植物，动物饲料和粪肥的分析证实，土壤N-15值的差异有关的增量N-15值的添加源输入。土壤和作物δ C-13值相似，但粪肥的值略低。土壤三角洲S-34（和总S）从1923年至1996年的变化是大于1 AM和1 NPK图反映大气S输入的变化。土壤C、N、S的全量相关性显著，但其同位素特征不显著，说明土壤C、N、S的转化受不同的控制。C-14含量一般在上午1高于1 NPK和O，炸弹-C-14掺入模型表明，平均停留时间（MRT）约为。1AM处理170年，而1 NPK和O处理接近250-290年。利用RothC模型成功地模拟了1923-1996年期间土壤C和C-14的实测趋势。在Askov土壤中的有机质积累一般占主导地位的微生物分解产物，而不是由各种投入的柠檬酸成分。版权所有（c）2005年约翰威利父子有限公司。
The Askov field experiment (Denmark), established in 1894, provides a unique opportunity to examine long-term effects of animal manure and mineral fertilizer on soil organic matter quality and turnover. This sandy loam soil is classified as Alfisol (Typic Hapludalf). Soil C, N, S, C-13, (15N), S-34 and C-14 contents were measured in a selection of archived soil samples (1923, 1938, 1945, 1953, 1964, 1976, 1985, 1996 and 2000) from unfertilized (O), animal manure (1 AM) and mineral fertilizer (1 NPK) treatments. These treatments are imbedded in a four-course crop rotation of winter cereals, root crops, spring cereals and a clover/grass mixture. The contents of C, N, S, C-13, N-15 and S-34 in selected crop samples (1953-1996) and in contemporary samples of animal feed and manure were also determined. Temporal soil nutrient and isotope trends between fertilizer treatments were significantly different, except for S content in 1 AM and 1 NPK. The total soil C and S was higher in 1 AM and I NPK than in the O treatment. The total soil N content (1 AM > 1 NPK > O) and the delta N-15 content (1 AM > 1 NPK and O) were also different. Analyses of plant, animal feed and manures confirmed that differences in Soil N-15 values were related to delta N-15 values of added source inputs. Soil and crop delta C-13 values were similar, but manures had slightly lower values. The variation of Soil delta S-34 (and total S) from 1923 to 1996 was larger in the O than 1 AM and 1 NPK plots reflecting changes in atmospheric S inputs. The total contents of soil C, N and S were significantly correlated, but their isotopic signatures were not, suggesting that the C, N, S turnovers in soil are subject to different controls. The C-14 content was generally higher in the 1 AM than 1 NPK and O, with bomb-C-14 incorporation modelling indicating that mean residence time (MRT) was ca. 170 years in the 1 AM, but closer to 250-290 years in the 1 NPK and O treatments. The measured trends in soil C and C-14 during 1923-1996 were successfully modelled using the RothC model. The OM accumulation in the Askov soils was generally dominated by microbial decomposition products rather than by recalcitrant components of the various inputs. Copyright (c) 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.