Resilience in the Face of Disaster: Prevalence and Longitudinal Course of Mental Disorders following Hurricane Ike
Resilience in the Face of Disaster: Prevalence and Longitudinal Course of Mental Disorders following Hurricane Ike
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0038964
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发表时间：
2012-06-26
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Norris, Fran H.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Pietrzak, Robert H.;Tracy, Melissa;Norris, Fran H.
目标：自然灾害可能会增加短期和中期多种精神疾病的风险。我们试图确定飓风艾克后前 18 个月内创伤后应激障碍 (PTSD)、广泛性焦虑症 (GAD)、恐慌症 (PD)、抑郁症和自杀倾向的患病率和纵向病程。方法：德克萨斯州加尔维斯顿县和钱伯斯县的 658 名成年人代表参加了一项基于人口的随机调查。初步评估是在 2008 年 9 月 13 日艾克飓风袭击加尔维斯顿湾后 2 至 5 个月进行的。后续评估是在艾克飓风过后 5 至 9 个月和 14 至 18 个月进行的。结果：过去一个月任何精神障碍（20.6% 至 10.9%）和飓风相关 PTSD（6.9% 至 2.5%）的患病率随着时间的推移而下降。过去一个月与非灾难性创伤事件相关的 PTSD 患病率（5.8% 至 7.1%）、GAD（3.1% 至 1.8%）、PD（0.8% 至 0.7%）、抑郁症（5.0% 至 5.6%）和自杀率（2.6% 至 4.2%）随着时间的推移保持相对稳定。 结论：PTSD，既有飓风造成的，也有其他原因造成的创伤事件是飓风艾克 2 至 5 个月后最普遍的精神疾病。随着时间的推移，精神疾病的患病率迅速下降，这表明绝大多数经历过这场自然灾害的人都“反弹”了，并且能够适应这一大规模创伤事件的长期心理健康后果。
Objectives: Natural disasters may increase risk for a broad range of psychiatric disorders, both in the short-and in the medium-term. We sought to determine the prevalence and longitudinal course of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), panic disorder (PD), depression, and suicidality in the first 18 months after Hurricane Ike.Methods: Six hundred fifty-eight adults representative of Galveston and Chambers Counties, Texas participated in a random, population-based survey. The initial assessment was conducted 2 to 5 months after Hurricane Ike struck Galveston Bay on September 13, 2008. Follow-up assessments were conducted at 5 to 9 and 14 to 18 months after Hurricane Ike.Results: Past-month prevalence of any mental disorder (20.6% to 10.9%) and hurricane-related PTSD (6.9% to 2.5%) decreased over time. Past-month prevalence of PTSD related to a non-disaster traumatic event (5.8% to 7.1%), GAD (3.1% to 1.8%), PD (0.8% to 0.7%), depression (5.0% to 5.6%), and suicidality (2.6% to 4.2%) remained relatively stable over time.Conclusions: PTSD, both due to the hurricane and due to other traumatic events, was the most prevalent psychiatric disorder 2 to 5 months after Hurricane Ike. Prevalence of psychiatric disorders declined rapidly over time, suggesting that the vast majority of individuals exposed to this natural disaster 'bounced back' and were resilient to long-term mental health consequences of this large-scale traumatic event.