New Jersey's HIV Exposure Law and the HIV-Related Attitudes, Beliefs, and Sexual and Seropositive Status Disclosure Behaviors of Persons Living With HIV
New Jersey's HIV Exposure Law and the HIV-Related Attitudes, Beliefs, and Sexual and Seropositive Status Disclosure Behaviors of Persons Living With HIV
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DOI：
10.2105/ajph.2012.300664
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发表时间：
2012-11-01
影响因子：
12.7
通讯作者：
DiFranceisco, Wayne
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Galletly, Carol L.;Glasman, Laura R.;DiFranceisco, Wayne
目标。我们探讨了对新泽西州艾滋病毒暴露法的认识与艾滋病毒阳性者的艾滋病毒相关态度、信仰以及性和血清阳性状况披露行为之间的关联。方法。 2010 年，全州范围内的便利样本 (n = 479) 完成了匿名书面调查。我们通过该州 9 个卫生部门的社区组织网络招募了参与者。该调查评估了参与者对新泽西州艾滋病毒暴露法的认识、过去一年的性行为和血清状况披露行为以及与艾滋病毒相关的态度和信仰。我们通过单变量分析比较了了解和不了解法律的参与者的反应。结果。百分之五十一的参与者了解艾滋病毒暴露法。这种意识与节欲的增加、最近伴侣使用安全套或血清阳性状态披露无关。与假设相反，不了解法律的人经历了更大的耻辱，并且对积极的血清状况披露不太满意。结论。将不披露艾滋病毒血清状况定为刑事犯罪并不能减少性危险行为。尽管这些法律似乎并没有增加耻辱感，但也不太可能减少艾滋病毒的传播。 （美国公共卫生杂志。2012；102：2135-2140。doi：10.2105/AJPH.2012.300664）
Objectives. We explored associations between awareness of New Jersey's HIV exposure law and the HIV-related attitudes, beliefs, and sexual and seropositive status disclosure behaviors of HIV-positive persons.Methods. A statewide convenience sample (n = 479) completed anonymous written surveys during 2010. We recruited participants through networks of community-based organizations in the state's 9 health sectors. The survey assessed participants' awareness of New Jersey's HIV exposure law, their sexual and serostatus disclosure behavior in the past year, and their HIV-related attitudes and beliefs. We compared responses of participants who were and were not aware of the law through univariate analyses.Results. Fifty-one percent of participants knew about the HIV exposure law. This awareness was not associated with increased sexual abstinence, condom use with most recent partner, or seropositive status disclosure. Contrary to hypotheses, persons who were unaware of the law experienced greater stigma and were less comfortable with positive serostatus disclosure.Conclusions. Criminializing nondisclosure of HIV serostatus does not reduce sexual risk behavior. Although the laws do not appear to increase stigma, they are also not likely to reduce HIV transmission. (Am J Public Health. 2012;102:2135-2140. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2012.300664)