Role of the cerebellum in the implicit motor skill learning: a PET study
Role of the cerebellum in the implicit motor skill learning: a PET study
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DOI：
10.1016/j.brainresbull.2004.04.008
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发表时间：
2004-07-15
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Yonekura, Y
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Matsumura, M;Sadato, N;Yonekura, Y
为了描述内隐运动学习的神经基质，使用正电子发射断层扫描（PET）测量了13名志愿者在休息条件下和在执行单手两球旋转任务期间的局部脑血流量。受试者单手旋转两个球;缓慢旋转（0.5 Hz）后，进行两个阶段，要求尽可能快速旋转。该过程由单手重复四次（块1），然后由相反的手重复四次（块2）。一组志愿者从右手开始（n = 7），另一组从左手开始（n = 6）。通过动作的速度和效率来评估性能。前者以单位时间内最大旋转次数来评定，后者以等速运动下的肌电活动来评定。两者都显示出从右手到左手的学习转移。大脑和小脑的激活因手而异。双手常见的激活发生在双侧背侧运动前皮质和矢状旁小脑、右侧额下回、左侧小脑和丘脑、辅助运动区和小脑蚓部。左侧小脑在第一次尝试新任务时表现出最显著的激活，因此可能与学习的早期阶段或“做什么”学习有关。左旁小脑活动减少与训练在第一和第二块，负相关的任务表现。因此，这个区域可能会参与以后的学习或“如何做”的学习。这些区域的活动在先前训练的情况下比没有训练的情况下不那么显著，因此左小脑半球可能与双手之间的学习迁移有关。(C)2004年爱思唯尔公司All rights reserved.
To depict neural substrates of implicit motor learning, regional cerebral blood flow was measured using positron emission tomography (PET) in 13 volunteers in the rest condition and during performance of a unimanual two-ball rotation task. Subjects rotated two balls in a single hand; a slow rotation (0.5 Hz) was followed by two sessions requiring as rapid rotation as possible. The process was repeated four times by a single hand (Block 1) and then by the opposite hand (Block 2). One group of volunteers began with the right hand (n = 7), and the other with the left (n = 6). Performance was assessed by both quickness and efficiency of movements. The former was assessed with the maximum number of rotation per unit time, and the latter with the electromyographic activity under constant speed of the movement. Both showed learning transfer from the right hand to the left hand. Activation of cerebrum and cerebellum varied according to hand. Activation common to both hands occurred in the bilateral dorsal premotor cortex and parasagittal cerebellum, right inferior frontal gyms, left lateral cerebellum and thalamus, supplementary motor area, and cerebellar vermis. The left lateral cerebellum showed the most prominent activation on the first trial of the novel task, and hence may be related the early phase of learning, or "what to do" learning. Left parasagittal cerebellum activity diminished with training both in first and second blocks, correlating inversely with task performance. This region may therefore be involved in later learning or "how to do" learning. The activity of these regions was less prominent with prior training than without it. Thus the left cerebellar hemisphere may be related to learning transfer across hands. (C) 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.