Prevalence of malocclusion among mouth breathing children: Do expectations meet reality?
Prevalence of malocclusion among mouth breathing children: Do expectations meet reality?
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ijporl.2009.02.006
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发表时间：
2009-05-01
影响因子：
1.5
通讯作者：
Pinto, Jorge A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Souki, Bernardo Q.;Pimenta, Giovana B.;Pinto, Jorge A.
目的：本研究的目的是报告一组儿童中错牙合畸形的流行病学数据，这些儿童连续在一个口腔呼吸耳鼻喉科（ENT）中心住院。我们评估了腺样体/扁桃体增生或过敏性鼻炎的存在和II类错牙合畸形，前开牙合和后反bite.Methods的患病率之间的关联阻塞的严重程度：横截面，描述性研究，在所有的门诊口呼吸。结果：共纳入401例患者。平均年龄为6岁6个月（S.D.：2年零7个月），刑期从2年到12年不等。所有受试者均由耳鼻喉科医生进行评估，以确认口呼吸。在71.8%的样本中检测到腺样体/扁桃体阻塞，无论是否存在鼻炎。单纯过敏性鼻炎占18.7%。在该样本中，9.5%被诊断为非阻塞性口呼吸。后牙反牙合在乳牙期和替牙期的儿童中占30%，在恒牙期的儿童中占48%。在替牙期和恒牙期，前牙开牙合和II类错牙合是非常普遍的。超过50%的口呼吸儿童在矢状面、横断面和垂直面上的牙弓间关系正常。单因素分析显示，阻塞类型（腺样体/扁桃体阻塞性增生或存在过敏性鼻炎）和错牙合畸形（II类，前开牙合和后反牙合）之间无显著相关性。结论：后反牙合的患病率在口呼吸儿童高于一般人群。在替牙期和恒牙期，前牙开牙合和II类错牙合更容易出现在口呼吸者中。虽然更多的儿童表现出这些错，大多数口呼吸的儿童在这项研究中评估不符合预期的“口呼吸牙齿刻板印象”。在口呼吸儿童中，腺样体或扁桃体的阻塞性大小和鼻炎的存在不是II类错牙合、前牙开牙合或后牙反牙合发展的危险因素。(c)2009爱思唯尔爱尔兰有限公司保留所有权利。
Objective: The aim Of this Study was to report epidemiological data oil the prevalence of malocclusion among a group of children, consecutively admitted at a referral Mouth breathing otorhinolaryngological (ENT) center. We assessed the association between the severity of the obstruction by adenoids/tonsils hyperplasia or the presence of allergic rhinitis and the prevalence of class II malocclusion, anterior open bite and posterior crossbite.Methods: Cross-sectional, descriptive Study, carried out at all Outpatient Clinic for Mouth-Breathers. Dental inter-arch relationship and nasal obstructive variables were diagnosed and the appropriate cross-tabulations were done.Results: Four hundred and one patients were included. Mean age was 6 years and 6 months (S.D.: 2 years and 7 months), ranging from 2 to 12 years. All subjects were evaluated by otorhinolaryngologists to confirm mouth breathing. Adenoid/tonsil obstruction was detected in 71.8% of this sample, regardless of the presence of rhinitis. Allergic rhinitis alone was found in 18.7% of the children. Non-obstructive mouth breathing was diagnosed in 9.5% of this sample. Posterior crossbite was detected in almost 30% of the children during primary and mixed dentitions and 48% in permanent dentition. During mixed and permanent dentitions, anterior open bite and class II malocclusion were highly prevalent. More than 50% of the mouth breathing children carried a normal inter-arch relationship in the sagital, transversal and vertical planes. Univariate analysis showed no significant association between the type of the obstruction (adenoids/tonsils obstructive hyperplasia or the presence of allergic rhinitis) and malocclusions (class II, anterior open bite and posterior crossbite).Conclusions: The prevalence of posterior crossbite is higher in mouth breathing children than in the general population. During mixed and permanent dentitions, anterior open bite and class II malocclusion were more likely to be present in mouth breathers. Although more children showed these malocclusions, most mouth breathing children evaluated in this Study did not match the expected "mouth breathing dental stereotype". In this Population of mouth breathing children, the obstructive size of adenoids or tonsils and the presence of rhinitis were not risk factors to the development of class II Malocclusion, anterior open bite OF posterior crossbite. (c) 2009 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.