Self-assembly at Air/Water Interfaces and Carbohydrate Binding Properties of the Small Secreted Protein EPL1 from the fungus Trichoderma atroviride
Self-assembly at Air/Water Interfaces and Carbohydrate Binding Properties of the Small Secreted Protein EPL1 from the fungus Trichoderma atroviride
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DOI：
10.1074/jbc.m112.427633
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发表时间：
2013-02-08
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Seidl-Seiboth, Verena
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Frischmann, Alexa;Neudl, Susanna;Seidl-Seiboth, Verena
来自真菌深绿木霉的蛋白质EPL 1属于角铂蛋白家族。这些蛋白质仅存在于丝状真菌中，与植物防御反应的诱导和人类过敏反应有关。然而，具有其他生活方式的真菌也表达cerato-platanin蛋白，并且该蛋白家族的主要功能尚未阐明。在这项研究中，我们研究的生化特性的cerato-platanin蛋白EPL 1从T。阿托品。我们的研究结果表明，EPL 1很容易在空气/水界面自组装，并形成可以重新溶解在水中的蛋白质层。这些特性让人想起疏水蛋白，疏水蛋白是在界面处积累的两亲性真菌蛋白。原子力显微镜成像显示，EPL 1组装成不规则的网状亚结构。此外，用EPL 1进行的表面活性测量显示，与疏水蛋白相反，EPL 1增加了水溶液和表面的极性。此外，发现EPL 1结合到各种形式的聚合甲壳素。霸王阿维菌素基因组含有三个EPL基因。epl 1主要在菌丝生长期间表达，而epl 2主要在孢子形成期间表达，表明各自的蛋白质参与不同的生物学过程。对于epl 3，在大多数生长条件下没有检测到基因表达。epl 1和epl 2的单基因和双基因敲除菌株没有显示出可检测的表型，这表明这些蛋白质对于真菌生长和发育不是必需的，尽管它们有丰富的表达。
The protein EPL1 from the fungus Trichoderma atroviride belongs to the cerato-platanin protein family. These proteins occur only in filamentous fungi and are associated with the induction of defense responses in plants and allergic reactions in humans. However, fungi with other lifestyles also express cerato-platanin proteins, and the primary function of this protein family has not yet been elucidated. In this study, we investigated the biochemical properties of the cerato-platanin protein EPL1 from T. atroviride. Our results showed that EPL1 readily self-assembles at air/water interfaces and forms protein layers that can be redissolved in water. These properties are reminiscent of hydrophobins, which are amphiphilic fungal proteins that accumulate at interfaces. Atomic force microscopy imaging showed that EPL1 assembles into irregular meshwork-like substructures. Furthermore, surface activity measurements with EPL1 revealed that, in contrast to hydrophobins, EPL1 increases the polarity of aqueous solutions and surfaces. In addition, EPL1 was found to bind to various forms of polymeric chitin. The T. atroviride genome contains three epl genes. epl1 was predominantly expressed during hyphal growth, whereas epl2 was mainly expressed during spore formation, suggesting that the respective proteins are involved in different biological processes. For epl3, no gene expression was detected under most growth conditions. Single and double gene knock-out strains of epl1 and epl2 did not reveal a detectable phenotype, showing that these proteins are not essential for fungal growth and development despite their abundant expression.