Cholera in Papua New Guinea and the importance of safe water sources and sanitation.
Cholera in Papua New Guinea and the importance of safe water sources and sanitation.
复制标题
巴布亚新几内亚的霍乱以及安全水源和卫生设施的重要性。
DOI：
10.5365/wpsar.2011.2.4.014
复制
发表时间：
2012
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
A. Greenhill
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
P. Horwood;A. Greenhill
直到最近，巴布亚新几内亚从未报告过霍乱，尽管霍乱流行国家很近，而且存在被认为是霍乱暴发风险因素的环境和社会特征。目前的疫情始于2009年7月，1并迅速蔓延到全国沿海地区。利用可变数目串联重复分析进行的初步特征研究表明，此次暴发是最近一次来自东南亚的克隆入侵。到2011年年中，暴发已导致报告的15500多例霍乱病例和500多例死亡：病死率约为3.2%。2霍乱暴发后，采取口服补液疗法等干预措施，旨在将病死率降至1%以下。病死率升高可能反映了该国大部分地区交通不便，偏远地区缺乏医疗服务，以及对此类疫情普遍缺乏准备。服务相对较好的国家首都地区(0.1%)与西部省份等较偏远地区(8.8%)之间的CFR差异支持了这一前提。
Until recently cholera had never been reported in Papua New Guinea despite the close proximity of cholera-endemic countries and the presence of environmental and social characteristics that are considered risk factors for cholera outbreaks. The current outbreak began in July 2009 1 and rapidly spread throughout the coastal regions of the country. Initial characterization studies using variable-number tandem repeat analysis indicate that the outbreak was a recent clonal incursion from South-East Asia. By mid-2011 the outbreak had resulted in the reporting of more than 15 500 cases of cholera and over 500 deaths: a case fatality ratio (CFR) of approximately 3.2%. 2 Following an outbreak of cholera, interventions such as the introduction of oral rehydration therapy aim to reduce the CFR to below 1%. This elevated CFR is likely a reflection of the inaccessibility of much of the country, the lack of health care services available in remote regions and the general unpreparedness for an outbreak of this kind. This premise is supported by the differences in CFRs between the relatively well-serviced National Capital District (0.1%) and more remote regions such as the Western Province (8.8%).