Lung cancer among women in north-east China.
Lung cancer among women in north-east China.
复制标题
中国东北部妇女中的肺癌。
DOI：
10.1038/bjc.1990.421
复制
发表时间：
1990-12
影响因子：
8.8
通讯作者：
Ershow, A G
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wu-Williams, A H;Dai, X D;Blot, W;Xu, Z Y;Sun, X W;Xiao, H P;Stone, B J;Yu, S F;Feng, Y P;Ershow, A G
在中国肺癌发病率最高的两个工业城市沈阳和哈尔滨，一项涉及965名女性患者和959名对照者的肺癌病例对照研究显示，吸烟是主要的致病因素，约占女性肿瘤的35%。尽管吸烟量很低（病例平均每天8支），但这些城市50岁以上女性吸烟者的比例几乎是全国平均水平的两倍。燃煤炉造成的空气污染也与此有关，因为肺癌的风险与接触“炕”和该地区本土的其他加热设备的年数成正比。此外，油炸食物的次数和烹饪过程中烟熏的频率与肺癌的风险有关。报告的工作场所暴露于煤尘和燃烧燃料产生的烟雾的病例比对照组多。冶炼厂工人的风险升高，纺织工人的风险降低。既往的慢性支气管炎/肺气肿、肺炎和近期的结核病显著增加了肺癌的风险，家族成员中有结核病和肺癌史也是如此。在这一人群中，大量摄入富含胡萝卜素的蔬菜并不能预防肺癌。在肺癌的主要细胞类型中，这些发现在质量上是相似的，除了与吸烟和既往肺部疾病的关联在鳞状/燕麦细胞癌中比在肺腺癌中更强。
A case-control study of lung cancer involving interviews with 965 female patients and 959 controls in Shenyang and Harbin, two industrial cities which have among the highest rates of lung cancer in China, revealed that cigarette smoking is the main causal factor and accounted for about 35% of the tumours among women. Although the amount smoked was low (the cases averaged eight cigarettes per day), the percentage of smokers among women over age 50 in these cities was nearly double the national average. Air pollution from coal burning stoves was implicated, as risks of lung cancer increased in proportion to years of exposure to 'Kang' and other heating devices indigenous to the region. In addition, the number of meals cooked by deep frying and the frequency of smokiness during cooking were associated with risk of lung cancer. More cases than controls reported workplace exposures to coal dust and to smoke from burning fuel. Elevated risks were observed for smelter workers and decreased risks for textile workers. Prior chronic bronchitis/emphysema, pneumonia, and recent tuberculosis contributed significantly to lung cancer risk, as did a history of tuberculosis and lung cancer in family members. Higher intake of carotene-rich vegetables was not protective against lung cancer in this population. The findings were qualitatively similar across the major cell types of lung cancer, except that the associations with smoking and previous lung diseases were stronger for squamous/oat cell cancers than for adenocarcinoma of the lung.