Insect pollination reduces yield loss following heat stress in faba bean (Vicia faba L.).
Insect pollination reduces yield loss following heat stress in faba bean (Vicia faba L.).
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DOI：
10.1016/j.agee.2015.12.007
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发表时间：
2016-03-15
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Potts SG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Bishop J;Jones HE;Lukac M;Potts SG
热胁迫导致蚕豆产量下降。昆虫授粉部分恢复了热胁迫后蚕豆产量的损失。可能的机制是增加花粉向受损花的转移。在热胁迫加剧的情况下，昆虫授粉可提高生产稳定性。全球粮食安全，特别是作物施肥和产量生产受到热浪的威胁，预计热浪的频率和强度将随着气候变化而增加。热胁迫对昆虫传粉植物受精的影响尚不清楚，但主要在自花传粉作物（如小麦）中进行的实验表明，可育花粉的转移可能会恢复胁迫后的产量。我们假设在部分依赖传粉者的作物蚕豆（Vicia faba L.）中，昆虫授粉会在热胁迫后引起类似的产量恢复。在花发育和花期对盆栽蚕豆植株进行了5天的热胁迫处理。温度处理代表了2021-2050年及以后英国预计的热浪。温度处理后，将植物分布在飞行笼中，由驯化的地面炸弹蜂（Bombus terrestris）群体授粉或不接受昆虫授粉。与大黄蜂授粉的植物（2.5%）相比，不受传粉者授粉的植物（15%）在30°C下因热胁迫造成的产量损失更大。因此，在控制温度（18-26°C）和极端胁迫（34°C）下，传粉媒介对蚕豆产量的依赖性为16%，而在30°C的中等热胁迫下，传粉媒介对蚕豆产量的依赖性为53%。这些发现首次证明了作物对传粉者的依赖可以被热胁迫改变，并表明随着热浪发生的可能性增加，昆虫授粉可能在作物生产中变得更加重要。
Heat stress results in lower yields in faba bean. Insect pollination partially recovered faba bean yield loss following heat stress. Increased transfer of pollen to damaged flowers is the likely mechanism. Insect pollination may increase production stability under increasing heat stress. Global food security, particularly crop fertilization and yield production, is threatened by heat waves that are projected to increase in frequency and magnitude with climate change. Effects of heat stress on the fertilization of insect-pollinated plants are not well understood, but experiments conducted primarily in self-pollinated crops, such as wheat, show that transfer of fertile pollen may recover yield following stress. We hypothesized that in the partially pollinator-dependent crop, faba bean (Vicia faba L.), insect pollination would elicit similar yield recovery following heat stress. We exposed potted faba bean plants to heat stress for 5 days during floral development and anthesis. Temperature treatments were representative of heat waves projected in the UK for the period 2021–2050 and onwards. Following temperature treatments, plants were distributed in flight cages and either pollinated by domesticated Bombus terrestris colonies or received no insect pollination. Yield loss due to heat stress at 30 °C was greater in plants excluded from pollinators (15%) compared to those with bumblebee pollination (2.5%). Thus, the pollinator dependency of faba bean yield was 16% at control temperatures (18–26 °C) and extreme stress (34 °C), but was 53% following intermediate heat stress at 30 °C. These findings provide the first evidence that the pollinator dependency of crops can be modified by heat stress, and suggest that insect pollination may become more important in crop production as the probability of heat waves increases.