Immunization coverage and timeliness of vaccination in Italian children with chronic diseases
Immunization coverage and timeliness of vaccination in Italian children with chronic diseases
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.02.099
复制
发表时间：
2012-07-20
期刊：
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Tozzi, A. E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Pandolfi, E.;Carloni, E.;Tozzi, A. E.
由于患有慢性病的儿童是免疫策略的主要目标，因此确保他们的免疫覆盖率和疫苗及时性至关重要。我们进行了一项研究，旨在衡量患有 1 型糖尿病、HIV 感染、唐氏综合症、囊性纤维化和神经系统疾病的儿童的免疫覆盖率和疫苗接种及时性。该研究共有 275 名 6 个月至 18 岁的儿童参与。 24 个月时，白喉、破伤风、百日咳 (DTP)、脊髓灰质炎 (Pol) 和乙型肝炎 (HBV) 疫苗的覆盖率约为 85%，而麻疹、腮腺炎、风疹 (MMR) 疫苗的覆盖率为 62%。季节性流感免疫覆盖率为59%。时效性分析显示不同慢性病患儿之间存在异质性。比例风险模型显示，HIV 感染儿童完成三剂 DTP、Pol 和 HBV 的时间最长，而患有神经系统疾病的儿童接受第一剂 MMR 的时间晚于其他类别。错过或延迟接种疫苗的原因主要包括并发急性疾病。应严格监测患有慢性病的儿童进行常规和推荐的疫苗接种，并应适当告知医疗保健提供者和家庭，以避免出现错误的禁忌症。 (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. 保留所有权利。
Since children with chronic diseases represent a primary target for immunization strategies, it is important that their immunization coverage and timeliness of vaccines is optimal. We performed a study to measure immunization coverage and timeliness of vaccines in children with type 1 diabetes, HIV infection, Down syndrome, cystic fibrosis, and neurological diseases. A total of 275 children aged 6 months-18 years were included in the study. Coverage for diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis (DTP), polio (Pol), and hepatitis B (HBV) vaccines approximated 85% at 24 months, while measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) coverage was 62%. Immunization coverage for seasonal influenza was 59%. The analysis of timeliness revealed that there was heterogeneity among children with different chronic diseases. A proportional hazard model showed that children with HIV infection had the longest time to complete three doses of DTP, Pol, and HBV, and those with neurological diseases received the first dose of MMR later than the other categories. Causes of missing or delayed vaccination mostly included a concurrent acute disease. Children with chronic diseases should be strictly monitored for routine and recommended vaccinations, and health care providers and families should be properly informed to avoid false contraindications. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.