Dietary Patterns with Healthy and Unhealthy Traits Among Overweight/Obese Hispanic Women with or at High Risk for Type 2 Diabetes
Dietary Patterns with Healthy and Unhealthy Traits Among Overweight/Obese Hispanic Women with or at High Risk for Type 2 Diabetes
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DOI：
10.1007/s40615-020-00782-y
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发表时间：
2020-06-03
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Vega-Lopez, Sonia
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Arias-Gastelum, Mayra;Lindberg, Nangel M.;Vega-Lopez, Sonia
西班牙裔女性患 2 型糖尿病 (T2D) 的风险很高，肥胖和不健康饮食是重要的促成因素。本研究采用横断面设计来确定饮食模式及其与糖尿病危险因素的关联。参与者完成了一份适合文化的食物频率调查问卷，记录了过去 3 个月的摄入量。从社区诊所招募患有 T2D 或有患 T2D 风险的超重/肥胖西班牙裔女性 (n = 191) 参与减肥干预。此分析仅使用基线数据。饮食模式及其与糖尿病危险因素（年龄、体重指数、腹部肥胖、空腹血糖 [FBG] 升高和糖化血红蛋白）的关联。根据能量摄入调整饮食数据的探索性因素分析用于确定饮食模式，并使用皮尔逊相关系数 (r) 来评估饮食模式与糖尿病危险因素的关联。出现了六种具有健康和不健康特征的有意义的模式：（1）糖和脂肪含量高，（2）植物性食品和鱼类，（3）汤和淀粉类菜肴，（4）肉类和零食，（5）豆类和谷物，以及（6）鸡蛋和奶制品。 “富含糖和脂肪”和“肉类和零食”模式的得分与年龄呈负相关（分别为 r = - 0.230，p = 0.001 和 r = - 0.298，p < 0.001）。 “植物性食品和鱼类”的得分与 FBG 呈正相关（r = 0.152，p = 0.037）。年轻可能是富含糖和脂肪的饮食的一个重要风险因素；这凸显了评估年轻西班牙裔女性饮食模式的必要性，以确定可能对其健康有害的特征。
Hispanic women are at high risk for type 2 diabetes (T2D), with obesity and unhealthy eating being important contributing factors. A cross-sectional design was used in this study to identify dietary patterns and their associations with diabetes risk factors. Participants completed a culturally adapted Food Frequency Questionnaire capturing intake over the prior 3 months. Overweight/obese Hispanic women (n = 191) with or at risk for T2D were recruited from a community clinic into a weight loss intervention. Only baseline data was used for this analysis. Dietary patterns and their association with diabetes risk factors (age, body mass index, abdominal obesity, elevated fasting blood glucose [FBG], and hemoglobin A1c). An exploratory factor analysis of dietary data adjusted for energy intake was used to identify eating patterns, and Pearson correlation coefficient (r) to assess the association of the eating patterns with the diabetes risk factors. Six meaningful patterns with healthful and unhealthful traits emerged: (1) sugar and fat-laden, (2) plant foods and fish, (3) soups and starchy dishes, (4) meats and snacks, (5) beans and grains, and (6) eggs and dairy. Scores for the "sugar and fat-laden" and "meats and snacks" patterns were negatively associated with age (r = - 0.230, p = 0.001 and r = - 0.298, p < 0.001, respectively). Scores for "plant foods and fish" were positively associated with FBG (r = 0.152, p = 0.037). Being younger may be an important risk factor for a diet rich in sugar and fat; this highlights the need to assess dietary patterns among younger Hispanic women to identify traits potentially detrimental for their health.