Evolutionary dynamics of Clostridium difficile over short and long time scales
Evolutionary dynamics of Clostridium difficile over short and long time scales
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.0914322107
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发表时间：
2010-04-20
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Parkhill, Julian
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
He, Miao;Sebaihia, Mohammed;Parkhill, Julian
艰难梭菌已迅速成为结核病相关性肠炎的主要原因，各种PCR核糖体型（包括001、017、027和078）的跨大陆传播。然而，C.作为人类病原体的艰难梭菌尚不清楚。利用全基因组测序技术分析了30株不同来源的C.艰难分离株，以确定物种的宏观和微观进化。水平基因转移和核心基因的大规模重组形成了C。在短时间和长时间尺度上的艰难基因组。系统发育分析表明C.艰难梭菌是一种遗传多样性物种，在过去的110 - 8500万年内进化。相比之下，致病分离株来自多个谱系，表明毒力在高度流行的谱系中独立进化。
Clostridium difficile has rapidly emerged as the leading cause of antibiotic-associated diarrheal disease, with the transcontinental spread of various PCR ribotypes, including 001, 017, 027 and 078. However, the genetic basis for the emergence of C. difficile as a human pathogen is unclear. Whole genome sequencing was used to analyze genetic variation and virulence of a diverse collection of thirty C. difficile isolates, to determine both macro and microevolution of the species. Horizontal gene transfer and large-scale recombination of core genes has shaped the C. difficile genome over both short and long time scales. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrates C. difficile is a genetically diverse species, which has evolved within the last 1.1-85 million years. By contrast, the disease-causing isolates have arisen from multiple lineages, suggesting that virulence evolved independently in the highly epidemic lineages.