New insights to the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway (UPP) mechanism during spermatogenesis
New insights to the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway (UPP) mechanism during spermatogenesis
复制标题
对精子发生过程中泛素蛋白酶体途径（UPP）机制的新见解。
DOI：
10.1007/s11033-012-2397-y
复制
发表时间：
2013-04-01
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Yang, Wan-Xi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hou, Cong-Cong;Yang, Wan-Xi
精子发生是从精原干细胞分化到成熟精子形成的一个高度有序的复杂过程。减数分裂后，精子发生过程中发生了几种形态学变化。在精子发生过程中，许多蛋白质和细胞器被降解，而泛素-蛋白酶体途径（UPP）在这一过程中起着关键作用，促进了精子的形成。UPP含有多种必需的组分：泛素、泛素激活酶E1、泛素结合酶E2、泛素连接酶E3和蛋白酶体。在精子发生的一些关键阶段，如减数分裂、顶体生物发生和精子成熟，泛素相关的组分（包括去泛素化酶）发挥积极和活跃的功能。一般来说，UPP缺乏会阻碍精子发生，从而导致不同程度的不育。虽然精子发生过程中的泛素化已被广泛研究，更详细的方面，如中间段和顶体形态发生过程中的泛素化的机制仍然未知。本文就精子发生过程中泛素化的研究进展作一综述，并为进一步研究UPP在精子发生过程中的作用提供参考。
Spermatogenesis is a complicated and highly ordered process which begins with the differentiation of spermatogonial stem cells and ends with the formation of mature sperm. After meiosis, several morphological changes occur during spermatogenesis. During spermatogenesis, many proteins and organelles are degraded, and the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway (UPP) plays a key role in the process which facilitates the formation of condensed sperm. UPP contains various indispensable components: ubiquitin, ubiquitin-activating enzyme E1, ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2, ubiquitin ligase enzyme E3 and proteasomes. At some key stages of spermatogenesis, such as meiosis, acrosome biogenesis, and spermatozoa maturation, the ubiquitin-related components (including deubiquitination enzymes) exert positive and active functions. Generally speaking, deficient UPP will block spermatogenesis which may induce infertility at various degrees. Although ubiquitination during spermatogenesis has been widely investigated, further detailed aspects such as the mechanism of ubiquitination during the formation of midpiece and acrosome morphogenesis still remains unknown. The present review will overview current progress on ubiquitination during spermatogenesis, and will provide some suggestions for future studies on the functions of UPP components during spermatogenesis.