Analysis of fentanyl analogs and novel synthetic opioids in blood, serum/plasma, and urine in forensic casework
Analysis of fentanyl analogs and novel synthetic opioids in blood, serum/plasma, and urine in forensic casework
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DOI：
10.1002/dta.2393
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发表时间：
2018-09-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Logan, Barry K.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Moody, Marykathryn Tynon;Diaz, Stephanie;Logan, Barry K.
近年来，越来越多的新型类阿片出现在非法药物市场上，并与美国日益严重的类阿片危机有关。人们怀疑合成阿片类药物相关的死亡被低估了，因为许多实验室要么使用对这些化合物不够特异和敏感的筛选方法，要么一般不对芬太尼及其相关类似物进行检测。我们描述了一种使用固相萃取-液相色谱-串联质谱（LC-MS/MS）定量分析全血和血清中19种最新新型阿片类药物以及定性分析尿液中17种分析物的方法。β-羟基硫代芬太尼的检测限至少为0.25 ng/mL，丁酰/异丁酰芬太尼、AH-7921、2-呋喃基芬太尼、4-ANPP和U-47700的检测限至少为0.05 ng/mL; MT-45、对甲氧基丁酰芬太尼、4-甲基苯乙基乙酰基芬太尼、U-50488、丙烯酰芬太尼、戊酰芬太尼和卡芬太尼的检测限至少为0.025 ng/mL;和0.0125ng/ml。对氟芬太尼、正氟芬太尼、对氟丁酰芬太尼/FIBF和α-甲基芬太尼。除AH-7921、U-47700、U-50488为0.05 ng/mL和β-羟硫芬太尼为0.5 ng/mL外，所有分析物的定量下限均确定为0.1 ng/mL。根据法医毒理学科学工作组（SWGTOX）的合规方法，该方法得到了成功验证。该方法用于分析2016年10月至2017年9月期间的2758份样品。确定4-ANPP、呋喃芬太尼和卡芬太尼是检测到的3种最常见的芬太尼相关化合物：56.1%的病例对4-ANPP呈阳性，44.5%对呋喃芬太尼呈阳性，25.2%对卡芬太尼呈阳性。
In recent years an increasing number of novel opioids have appeared on the illicit drug market and have been linked to the growing opioid crisis in the United States. It is suspected that synthetic-opioid-related deaths are underestimated since many laboratories either use a screening method that is not specific and sensitive enough for these compounds or testing is not performed for fentanyl and its related analogs in general. We describe a method for the analysis of 19 of the most current novel opioid drugs quantitatively in whole blood and serum, and 17 analytes qualitatively in urine using solid phase extraction with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The limit of detection was determined to be at a minimum 0.25 ng/mL for beta-hydroxythiofentanyl, 0.05 ng/mL for butyryl/isobutyrylfentanyl, AH-7921, 2-furanylfentanyl, 4-ANPP, and U-47700; 0.025 ng/mL for MT-45, paramethoxybutyrylfentanyl, 4-methylphenethyl acetyl fentanyl, U-50488, acrylfentanyl, valerylfentanyl, and carfentanil; and 0.0125 ng/ml. for para-fluorofentanyl, orthofluorofentanyl, para-fluorobutyrylfentanyl/FIBF, and alpha-methylfentanyl. The lower limit of quantitation was determined to be 0.1 ng/mL for all analytes except AH-7921, U-47700, U-50488 which were 0.05 ng/mL and beta-hydroxythiofentanyl which was 0.5 ng/mL. The method was validated successfully according to a Scientific Working Group in Forensic Toxicology (SWGTOX) compliant approach. This method was applied to the analysis of 2758 samples between October 2016 and September 2017. It was determined that 4-ANPP, furanylfentanyl, and carfentanil were the 3 most prevalent fentanyl related compounds detected: 56.1% of cases were positive for 4-ANPP, 44.5% were positive for furanylfentanyl, and 25.2% cases were positive for carfentanil.