Establishing Medicaid incentives for liberating nursing home patients from ventilators.

Establishing Medicaid incentives for liberating nursing home patients from ventilators.
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DOI:
10.1111/jgs.17513
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发表时间:
2022-01
影响因子:
6.3
通讯作者:
Stevenson DG
Stevenson DG
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Keohane LM;Mart MF;Ely EW;Lai P;Cheng A;Makam AN;Stevenson DG

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田纳西州疗养院的慢性呼吸机使用在2010年呼吸护理支付率增加后激增。田纳西州的医疗补助计划在2014年至2017年期间实施了多项政策,以促进11家养老院的呼吸机解放,包括质量报告,现场监测和绩效奖励。通过对医疗保险和医疗补助养老院索赔(2011-2017年),出院记录(2010-2017年)和养老院质量报告(2015-2017年)的重复横断面分析,我们研究了田纳西州实施旨在促进养老院呼吸机解放的政策时服务使用的变化。我们测量了使用呼吸机相关服务的疗养院患者的年度数量;呼吸机住院患者的出院目的地和疗养院患者从呼吸机中解放出来的百分比。在2011年至2014年期间,使用呼吸机的Medicare SNF和Medicaid疗养院患者数量增加了六倍以上。在长期机械通气的住院患者中,出院回家减少,出院到疗养院增加。随着田纳西州实施政策变化,疗养院中呼吸机相关服务的使用适度下降,从2014年的198名通气医疗保险SNF患者的峰值下降到2017年的125名,从2014年的182名长期使用呼吸机的医疗补助患者下降到2017年的145名患者。养老院断奶率在2015年和2016年达到49-52%的峰值,但到2017年底下降到26%。从入院到断奶的中位天数从81天降至37天。这种基于价值的方法证明了设计针对关键患者结果(如呼吸机解放)的支付模式的重要性。
Chronic ventilator use in Tennessee nursing homes surged following 2010 increases in respiratory care payment rates. Tennessee’s Medicaid program implemented multiple policies between 2014 and 2017 to promote ventilator liberation in 11 nursing homes, including quality reporting, on-site monitoring, and pay-for-performance incentives. Using repeated cross-sectional analysis of Medicare and Medicaid nursing home claims (2011–2017), hospital discharge records (2010–2017), and nursing home quality reports (2015–2017), we examined how service use changed as Tennessee implemented policies designed to promote ventilator liberation in nursing homes. We measured annual number of nursing home patients with ventilator-related service use; discharge destination of ventilated inpatients and percent of nursing home patients liberated from ventilators. Between 2011 and 2014, the number of Medicare SNF and Medicaid nursing home patients with ventilator use increased more than six-fold. Among inpatients with prolonged mechanical ventilation, discharges to home decreased as discharges to nursing homes increased. As Tennessee implemented policy changes, ventilator-related service use moderately declined in nursing homes from a peak of 198 ventilated Medicare SNF patients in 2014 to 125 in 2017 and from 182 Medicaid patients with chronic ventilator use in 2014 to 145 patients in 2017. Nursing home weaning rates peaked at 49–52% in 2015 and 2016, but declined to 26% by late 2017. Median number of days from admission to wean declined from 81 to 37 days. This value-based approach demonstrates the importance of designing payment models that target key patient outcomes like ventilator liberation.
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