Bacterial Strain BA-3 and a filterable factor cause a white plague-like disease in corals from the Eilat coral reef
Bacterial Strain BA-3 and a filterable factor cause a white plague-like disease in corals from the Eilat coral reef
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DOI：
10.3354/ame040183
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发表时间：
2005-09-06
影响因子：
1.4
通讯作者：
Rosenberg, E
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Barash, Y;Sulam, R;Rosenberg, E
在过去的2年里，一种类似白色水母的疾病在红海亚喀巴湾的埃拉特珊瑚礁蔓延。两个主要的造礁珊瑚属，Favia和Goniastrea受这种疾病的影响最大。这些珊瑚中约有10%显示出疾病的渐进迹象，或已经因疾病而死亡。受控水族馆实验表明，这种疾病具有传染性，从患病珊瑚到健康珊瑚的传播不需要直接接触。感染没有属特异性，因为患病的F。另外3个珊瑚属也感染了黄癍病。虽然患病的F favus含有比健康样本多80至10000倍的可培养细菌，但最初测试的25个分离株中没有一个感染健康珊瑚。过滤含有患病F的水族馆水。favus指示侵染因子大于0.2 μ m且小于3 μ m。由0.2 μ m过滤器保留的微生物不会感染珊瑚;然而，当渗余物与0.2 μ m滤液合并时，发生感染。这表明，传染源需要一个可过滤的因素才能引起疾病。将来自含有患病珊瑚的水族箱的0.2 μ m过滤水与先前从患病F. favus允许识别1个引起F.疥疮该病原体被称为BA-3，是一种革兰氏阴性细菌，其16 S rDNA序列表明它是一个新种，可能是一个新属。试图从野外患病珊瑚中重新分离菌株BA-3，但没有成功。分子量>5000且对热敏感的可过滤因子的性质仍有待确定。
During the last 2 years a white plague-like disease has spread over the Eilat coral reef, Gulf of Aqaba, Red Sea. Two of the major reef-building coral genera, Favia and Goniastrea were most affected by this disease. Approximately 10% of these corals showed progressive signs of the disease or were already dead as a result of the disease. Controlled aquarium experiments demonstrated that the disease is infectious and that transmission from diseased to healthy corals does not require direct contact. Infection was not genus-specific, since diseased F. favus infected 3 other coral genera. Although diseased F favus contained 80 to 10 000 times more culturable bacteria than healthy specimens, none of the 25 isolates initially tested infected healthy corals. Filtration of aquarium water containing diseased F. favus indicated that the infectious agent was larger than 0.2 mu m and smaller than 3 mu m. Microorganisms retained by the 0.2 pm filter did not infect corals; however, when the retentate was combined with the 0.2 pm filtrate, infection took place. This suggested that the infectious agent requires a filterable factor to cause the disease. Combining the 0,2 pm-filtered water from an aquarium containing a diseased coral with each of the 25 pure cultures previously obtained from diseased F. favus allowed for the recognition of 1 strain that caused rapid lysis of F. favus. The pathogen, referred to as BA-3, is a Gram-negative bacterium whose 16S rDNA sequence indicates it is a new species and possibly a new genus. Attempts to re-isolate Strain BA-3 from diseased corals in the field were unsuccessful. The nature of the filterable factor, which is >5000 molecular weight (MW) and heat sensitive, remains to be determined.