Calcium's role as nuanced modulator of cellular physiology in the brain.
Calcium's role as nuanced modulator of cellular physiology in the brain.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.08.105
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发表时间：
2017-02-19
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Thibault O
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Frazier HN;Maimaiti S;Anderson KL;Brewer LD;Gant JC;Porter NM;Thibault O
研究正常脑老化、脊髓损伤、阿尔茨海默病(AD)和其他神经退行性疾病的神经学家们花了相当大的精力来仔细描述细胞内钙动力学或水平的扰动。在细胞水平上，钙是众所周知的控制生死和协调之间大多数事件的物质。多年来，细胞内钙一直被认为是与几乎所有细胞功能有关的必需离子，从细胞生长到细胞退化。通常强调的是钙调节失调的负面影响，以及不可避免地导致细胞死亡的典型更糟糕的情况。然而，即使是高幅度的钙瞬变，当尖锐地执行时，也可以以积极的方式改变神经元的通信和突触强度，而不一定会杀死神经元。在这里，我们关注的证据表明，钙在塑造和控制突触事件中具有微妙而独特的作用，这些突触事件是神经元交流的基础，这些微妙的变化在衰老或AD中可能导致认知能力下降。我们强调，在突触激活期间，树突成分中的钙成像对于直接测试年龄或疾病相关变化的存在是最终必要的。
Neuroscientists studying normal brain aging, spinal cord injury, Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and other neurodegenerative diseases have focused considerable effort on carefully characterizing intracellular perturbations in calcium dynamics or levels. At the cellular level, calcium is known for controlling life and death and orchestrating most events in between. For many years, intracellular calcium has been recognized as an essential ion associated with nearly all cellular functions from cell growth to degeneration. Often the emphasis is on the negative impact of calcium dysregulation and the typical worse-case-scenario leading inevitably to cell death. However, even high amplitude calcium transients, when executed acutely can alter neuronal communication and synaptic strength in positive ways, without necessarily killing neurons. Here, we focus on the evidence that calcium has a subtle and distinctive role in shaping and controlling synaptic events that underpin neuronal communication and that these subtle changes in aging or AD may contribute to cognitive decline. We emphasize that calcium imaging in dendritic components is ultimately necessary to directly test for the presence of age- or disease-associated alterations during periods of synaptic activation.