Knowledge and rent spillovers through government-sponsored R&D consortia
Knowledge and rent spillovers through government-sponsored R&D consortia
复制标题
DOI：
10.1093/scipol/scv028
复制
发表时间：
2016-04
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
J. Nishimura;Hiroyuki Okamuro
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. Nishimura;Hiroyuki Okamuro
R&D联合体（民间企业、大学和公共研究机构之间的合作研究与开发项目）作为促进创新的有效手段日益受到关注。特别是对中小企业来说，这种合作提供了重要的机会，可以利用和获得大学和公共研究机构产生的先进科学知识。预计不仅研发联合体的参与者将通过直接的知识溢出提高其业绩，而且联合体成员的商业伙伴也可能通过其商业交易享受间接效应（租金溢出）。本文利用企业层面的数据和倾向得分法对政府支持的R&D联盟的溢出效应进行了实证检验。针对日本的主要研发联盟支援项目--经济产业省的“地区振兴联盟研发项目”，我们确认了企业参与该项目所产生的直接（知识）溢出效应，以及对联盟成员的客户企业产生的间接（租金）溢出效应。此外，通过比较中小企业和大企业，我们发现，只有中小企业获得知识溢出的R&D联盟，而在他们的客户，只有大企业享受租金溢出。
R&D consortia (collaborative R&D projects among private firms, universities, and public research institutes) have been attracting increasing attention as an effective means of promoting innovation. Especially for SMEs, such collaboration provides important opportunities to access and obtain advanced scientific knowledge generated by universities and public research institutes. It is expected that not only the participants in R&D consortia will enhance their performance, through direct knowledge spillovers, but also that the business partners of consortia members may enjoy indirect effects (rent spillovers), through their business transactions. This paper empirically examines the spillover effects through government-sponsored R&D consortia using firm-level data and the propensity score method. Focusing on a major support program for R&D consortia in Japan, the “Consortium R&D Project for Regional Revitalization” by METI, we confirm that there are both direct (knowledge) spillover effects from firms’ participation in this program and indirect (rent) spillover effects on the customer firms of the consortia members. Moreover, by comparing SMEs and large firms, we find that only SMEs obtain knowledge spillovers in R&D consortia, whereas, among their customers, only large firms enjoy rent spillovers.