Impact of Dust Storms on NPAHs and OPAHs in PM2.5 in Jinan, China, in Spring 2016: Concentrations, Health Risks, and Sources
Impact of Dust Storms on NPAHs and OPAHs in PM2.5 in Jinan, China, in Spring 2016: Concentrations, Health Risks, and Sources
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DOI：
10.4209/aaqr.2017.08.0274
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发表时间：
2018
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Pan Jiang;Lingxiao Yang;Xiangfeng Chen;Ying Gao;Yanyan Li;Junmei Zhang;Tong Zhao;Hao Yu;Wen-xing Wang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Pan Jiang;Lingxiao Yang;Xiangfeng Chen;Ying Gao;Yanyan Li;Junmei Zhang;Tong Zhao;Hao Yu;Wen-xing Wang
为了更好地了解沙尘暴对氮多环芳烃（NPAHs）和氧多环芳烃（OPAHs）的影响，2016年春季，中国济南山东大学使用预烘石英过滤器收集PM2.5。采用气相色谱-质谱联用技术测量了PM2.5中16种NPAHs和5种OPAHs的浓度。 NPAHs 浓度最高出现在沙尘暴 1 期间（DS1；4.62 ng m-3），高于霾期间（2.28 ng m-3）和晴天（0.17 ng m-3）记录的浓度。雾霾和沙尘暴期间，2+3N-FLA 和 9N-ANT 的浓度要高得多。 OPAHs 总浓度在霾期间最高 (7.72 ng m–3)，比 DS1、沙尘暴 2 (DS2)、沙尘暴 3 (DS3)（均为 2.38–3.07 ng m–3）和晴天 (1.82 ng m–3) 期间高 2–4.2 倍。在所有研究期间，三种最丰富的 OPAH 是 9-芴酮、9,10-蒽醌和萘-1-醛。 2+3N-FLA/1N-PYR比值表明整个采样期间NPAHs以二次生成为主，沙尘暴天比雾霾天更有利于NPAHs二次生成。沙尘暴期间，NPAHs和OPAHs受到源自蒙古和内蒙古的长途运输的影响。整个采样期间PM2.5中的NPAHs和OPAHs主要来源于汽车尾气、固体燃料燃烧、二次发电和地壳源。 DS2 期间记录了最高的 ΣBaPeq 值 (0.0928 ng m–3)。雾霾天和3次沙尘暴天气的终生癌症增量风险和总风险均高于晴天。
To better understand the influence of dust storms on nitrogen polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (NPAHs) and oxygen polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (OPAHs), PM2.5 was collected using prebaked quartz filters at Shandong University, Jinan, China, in spring 2016. The concentrations of 16 NPAHs and 5 OPAHs in PM2.5 were measured using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The highest concentration of NPAHs was recorded during dust storm 1 (DS1; 4.62 ng m–3), which was higher than those recorded during haze (2.28 ng m–3) and on clear days (0.17 ng m–3). The concentrations of 2+3N-FLA and 9N-ANT were considerably higher during haze and dust storms. The total concentration of OPAHs was highest during haze (7.72 ng m–3) and was 2–4.2 times higher than those during DS1, dust storm 2 (DS2), dust storm 3 (DS3) (all 2.38–3.07 ng m–3) and on clear days (1.82 ng m–3). The three most abundant OPAHs were 9-fluorenone, 9,10-anthraquinone, and naphthalene-1-aldehyde during all studied periods. The 2+3N-FLA/1N-PYR ratio indicated that NPAHs were dominated by secondary generation throughout the sampling period and that dust storm days were more conducive to the secondary generation of NPAHs than were hazy days. During dust storms, NPAHs and OPAHs were influenced by long-distance transport originating in Mongolia and Inner Mongolia. NPAHs and OPAHs in PM2.5 were mainly derived from vehicle exhausts, solid fuel combustion, secondary generation, and crustal sources throughout the sampling period. The highest ∑BaPeq value (0.0928 ng m–3) was recorded during DS2. The incremental lifetime cancer risk and total risk on hazy days and the three dust storm episodes were higher than those on clear days.