POSTTRAUMATIC-STRESS-DISORDER IN THE NATIONAL COMORBIDITY SURVEY
POSTTRAUMATIC-STRESS-DISORDER IN THE NATIONAL COMORBIDITY SURVEY
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DOI：
10.1001/archpsyc.1995.03950240066012
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发表时间：
1995-12-01
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
NELSON, CB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
KESSLER, RC;SONNEGA, A;NELSON, CB
背景：获得了关于《精神障碍诊断与统计手册》第三版修订本（DSM - III - R）创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）的一般人群流行病学数据，包括估计的终生患病率、与PTSD最常相关的创伤类型、社会人口统计学相关性、PTSD与其他终生精神障碍的共病情况以及一次发作的持续时间等信息。
方法：对全国共病调查第二部分子样本中年龄在15至54岁的5877名具有代表性的全国性样本，使用了《诊断访谈表》中DSM - III - R PTSD模块以及《复合性国际诊断访谈》的修订版进行调查。
结果：PTSD的估计终生患病率为7.8%。女性和离异者患病率较高。与PTSD最常相关的创伤，男性为参战和目睹暴力，女性为强奸和性骚扰。创伤后应激障碍与其他终生的DSM - III - R障碍有很强的共病性。生存分析表明，即使多年后，超过三分之一有PTSD发作的人仍未康复。
结论：创伤后应激障碍比之前认为的更为普遍，且常常持续存在。要在估计发病年龄分布、队列效应以及不同类型创伤导致PTSD的条件概率方面取得进展，未来的流行病学研究需要对所有终生创伤评估PTSD，而不是仅对少数回顾性报告的“最严重”创伤进行评估。
Background: Data were obtained on the general population epidemiology of DSM-III-R posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), including information on estimated lifetime prevalence, the kinds of traumas most often associated with PTSD, sociodemographic correlates, the comorbidity of PTSD with other lifetime psychiatric disorders, and the duration of an index episode.Methods: Modified versions of the DSM-III-R PTSD module from the Diagnostic Interview Schedule and of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview were administered to a representative national sample of 5877 persons aged 15 to 54 years in the part II subsample of the National Comorbidity Survey.Results: The estimated lifetime prevalence of PTSD is 7.8%. Prevalence is elevated among women and the previously married. The traumas most commonly associated with PTSD are combat exposure and witnessing among men and rape and sexual molestation among women. Posttraumatic stress disorder is strongly comorbid with other lifetime DSM-III-R disorders. Survival analysis shows that more than one third of people with an index episode of PTSD fail to recover even after many years.Conclusions: Posttraumatic stress disorder is more prevalent than previously believed, and is often persistent. Progress in estimating age-at-onset distributions, cohort effects, and the conditional probabilities of PTSD from different types of trauma will require future epidemiologic studies to assess PTSD for all lifetime traumas rather than for only a small number of retrospectively reported ''most serious'' traumas.