Emerging role of extracellular vesicles in the regulation of skeletal muscle adaptation.
Emerging role of extracellular vesicles in the regulation of skeletal muscle adaptation.
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DOI：
10.1152/japplphysiol.00914.2018
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发表时间：
2019-08
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
I. Vechetti
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
I. Vechetti
细胞外囊泡（EVs）最初被描述为“垃圾”袋，最终从细胞中清除不需要的物质。现在越来越清楚的是，ev通过遗传物质的转移介导远端细胞之间的细胞间通讯，这一过程对生理和病理条件下的系统适应很重要。尽管是推测性的，但有人认为，进入血液的大多数电动汽车将来自骨骼肌，因为它是人体最大的器官之一。虽然骨骼肌分泌多肽（目前称为肌因子）进入血液已经得到了很好的证实，但骨骼肌释放ev的概念还处于起步阶段。除了细胞间通讯和系统适应外，EV释放可能代表肌肉适应某些刺激的机制。本文将综述目前对EV生物学和生物发生的认识，目前的分离方法，并简要讨论EV在调节骨骼肌质量中的可能作用。
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) were initially characterized as "garbage" bags with the finality to remove unwanted material from the cells. It is now becoming clear that EVs mediate intercellular communication between distant cells through a transfer of genetic material, a process important to the systemic adaptation in physiological and pathological conditions. Although speculative, it has been suggested that the majority of EVs that make it into the bloodstream would be coming from skeletal muscle, since it is one of the largest organs in the human body. While it is well established that skeletal muscle secretes peptides (currently known as myokines) into the bloodstream, the notion that skeletal muscle releases EVs is in its infancy. Besides intercellular communication and systemic adaptation, EV release could represent the mechanism by which muscle adapts to certain stimuli. This review will summarize the current understanding of EV biology and biogenesis, current isolation methods, and briefly discuss the possible role EVs have in regulating skeletal muscle mass.