The effect of a cognitive task on voluntary step execution in healthy elderly and young individuals
The effect of a cognitive task on voluntary step execution in healthy elderly and young individuals
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1532-5415.2004.52353.x
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发表时间：
2004-08-01
影响因子：
6.3
通讯作者：
Oddsson, LIE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Meher, I;Oddsson, LIE
目的：研究健康老年人在单任务和双任务条件下的自发踏步行为，并与年轻受试者进行比较。设计：实验室为基础的研究。设置：测试来自马萨诸塞州波士顿老年社区中心和大学人群的健康老年人和年轻人。参与者：66名老年人和12名年轻受试者。测量：作为反应时任务，在力平台上进行向前、向侧面和向后快速自主迈步，并（1）等待皮肤提示（单任务）和（2）等待皮肤提示同时执行注意力要求Stroop任务（双任务）。步启动阶段，脚关闭时间，脚接触时间，准备和摆动阶段提取的中心压力和地面反作用力data.RESULTS：老年受试者在这两种条件下的所有步骤参数显着慢于年轻人。对于双重任务，与单一任务相比，启动阶段在老年组中增加了108%，在年轻组中增加了34%。有一个短期的学习效果，在老年人的双重任务，但不是在young.CONCLUSION：不成比例的增加，在步骤启动时间在老年组的双重任务表明，他们缺乏快速多任务处理过程中所需的自愿姿势任务的神经处理资源。这可能是导致老年人失去平衡和大量福尔斯跌倒的一个因素。训练可以提高这种技能。姿势功能的临床测试应该包括多任务条件，以获得对个人能力的更完整评估。
OBJECTIVES: To investigate voluntary step behavior of healthy elderly individuals during single- and dual-task conditions and to compare it with those of young subjects.DESIGN: Laboratory-based study.SETTING: Tests of healthy elderly and young individuals from senior community centers and from the university population in Boston, Massachusetts.PARTICIPANTS: Sixty-six elderly and 12 young subjects.MEASUREMENTS: Forward, sideways, and backward rapid voluntary stepping performed as a reaction time task while standing on a force platform and (1) awaiting a cutaneous cue (single task) and (2) awaiting a cutaneous cue while performing an attention-demanding Stroop task (dual task). Step initiation phase, foot-off time, foot contact time, and preparatory and swing phases were extracted from center-of-pressure and ground reaction force data.RESULTS: Elderly subjects were significantly slower than young in all step parameters under both conditions. For dual compared with single task, the initiation phase increased 108% in the elderly group and 34% in the young. There was a short-term learning effect during the dual task in elderly subjects but not in the young.CONCLUSION: The disproportional increase in step initiation time during the dual task in the elderly group suggests that they lacked neural processing resources required for swift multitasking during a voluntary postural task. This may be a factor contributing to balance loss and the large number of falls in elderly persons. Training may improve this skill. Clinical tests of postural function should incorporate multitask conditions to capture a more complete assessment of an individual's ability.