THE GENETIC-BASIS OF EVOLUTION OF THE MALE COURTSHIP SOUNDS IN THE DROSOPHILA-VIRILIS GROUP
THE GENETIC-BASIS OF EVOLUTION OF THE MALE COURTSHIP SOUNDS IN THE DROSOPHILA-VIRILIS GROUP
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1558-5646.1987.tb05856.x
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发表时间：
1987-07-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
LUMME, J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
HOIKKALA, A;LUMME, J
当求偶时，雄性果蝇群体振动他们的翅膀，并发出物种特有的求偶声音，由多周期的声音脉冲组成。为了分析声音进化变化的遗传基础，我们在该群的男性化门成员之间进行了一组正反交的F1双列杂交(两个女性体种群和一个美洲D种群、D A德克萨纳种群、D.novamiciana种群和D Lummei种群)。我们还与同一群的蒙大拿门的成员(D.kanekoi、D.littoraris、D.borealis、D.finomontana、D.lacicola和D.Montana)进行杂交，并进行回交(D.virilis.Times)。(D.littoraris).D.virilis使用D.virilis标记股票(b；Sv t Tb Gp；Cd；Pe)。使用以下参数分析混合体的声音：脉冲串的长度(PTL)、串中的脉冲数(PN)、脉冲间隔(IPI)、脉冲串的长度(PN)、脉冲间间隔(IPI)、脉冲的长度(PL)、脉冲中的周期数(CN)和周期的长度(CL)。在男性门中，物种间的差异似乎主要是由每个声音性状的常染色体基因决定的。双列联表的遗传力(狭义/广义遗传力)如下：Pt1 0.662/0.817，Pn 0.651/0.841，PI0.93/0.546，Pl 0.408/0.552，Cn 0.425/0.719，CL 0.361/0.764。显性方向是较长的PTL，较高的Pn和Cn，较短的IPI和CL。PL表现出双向优势。在阳春科物种的声音中，PTL和PL似乎是最重要的表型参数，因为它们的成分(PTL的Pn和IPI，PL的CN和CL)是负相关的。在维氏鹅观草与小地锦鸡儿或黄瓜正反交的杂交中，正反交的PTL、IPI、PL和Cn各不相同，表明是X染色体遗传或细胞质遗传。在D.virilis与D.littoris的回交中，X染色体的作用被确定为决定性的。我们的结论是，在两个D群门的分离过程中，X染色体上发生了允许IPI变异的主要变化，较长的IPI允许PL(和CN)也发生变异。Virlis门中声音的进化可能朝着更长、更密集的脉冲串方向发展，而在蒙大拿门中，声音则朝着不同的方向进化。
When couring, males of the Drosophila virilis group vibrate their wings and emit species-specific courtship sounds consisting of trains of polycyclic sound pulses. To analyze the genetic basis of evolutionary changes in the sounds we made an F1 diallel set of reciprocal crosses between the members of the virilis phylad of the group (two stocks of D. virilis and one of D. americana americana, D. a. texana, D. novamexicana, and D. lummei). We also crossed the D. virilis stocks with the members of the montana phylad of the same group (D. kanekoi, D. littoralis, D. borealis, D. flavomontana, D. lacicola, and D. montana) and made a backcross (D. virilis .times. D. littoralis) .times. D. virilis using a D. virilis marker stock (b; sv t tb gp; cd; pe). The sounds of the hybrids were analyzed using the following parameters; the length of a pulse train (PTL), the number of pulses in a train (PN), the interpulse interval (IPI), the length of a pulse train (PN), the interpulse interval (IPI), the length of a pulse (PL), the number of cycles in a pulse (CN), and the length of a cycle (CL). In the virilis phylad, the differences between species appeared to be determined mainly by autosomal genes in each sound trait. The heritabilities (narrow-/broad-sense) obtained from the diallel tables were the following: PTL 0.662/0.817, PN 0.651/0.841, IPI 0.93/0.546, PL 0.408/0.552, CN 0.425/0.719, and CL 0.361/0.764. The direction of dominance is for longer PTL, higher PN and CN, and shorter IPI and CL. PL shows ambidirectional dominance. In the sounds of the virilis phylad species, PTL and PL seem to be phenotypically the most important parameters, since their components (PN and IPI for PTL, CN and CL for PL) are negatively correlated. In crosses between D. virilis and D. littoralis or D. flavomontana reciprocal hybrids differed form each other in PTL, IPI, PL,and CN indicating X-chromosomal or cytoplasmic inheritance. In the backcrosses between D. virilis and D. littoralis the role of the X chromosome was ascertained to be decisive. We conclude that an X-chromosomal major change allowing variation in IPI has occurred during the separation of the two D. virilis group phylads, the long IPI allowing variation also in PL (and CN). The evolution of the sounds in the virlis phylad has probably gone towards longer and denser pulse trains, while in the montana phylad the sounds have evolved in different directions.