Differences and similarities of albumins from Japonica rice bran, Japonica, Indica, and Javanica rice endosperm in the suppressive effect of postprandial blood glucose elevation
Differences and similarities of albumins from Japonica rice bran, Japonica, Indica, and Javanica rice endosperm in the suppressive effect of postprandial blood glucose elevation
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粳米、籼米、爪哇米胚乳白蛋白抑制餐后血糖升高作用的异同
DOI：
10.1002/sfp2.1006
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发表时间：
2023
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Hitomi Kumagai
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Rio Ogawa;Chiaki Sugimoto;Aya Hamada;Kazumi Ninomiya;Shigenobu Ina;Yusuke Yamaguchi;Hitoshi Kumagai;Hitomi Kumagai
使用食物成分抑制血糖水平的快速升高可以预防糖尿病。为了使用来自自然资源的功能性食品组分，关于存在该组分的植物品种和植物部分的信息对于有效提取和有效利用生物资源是重要的。我们以前发现，蛋白质从白蛋白部分的水稻胚乳是消化和吸附葡萄糖抑制餐后血糖升高体内。然而，这种功能蛋白的种类和位置仍然未知。我们研究了来自籼稻和爪哇稻的胚乳以及粳稻的红麸和中麸的水溶性级分是否含有在粳稻胚乳中观察到的功能性白蛋白。中糠含有与粳稻胚乳相同分子量的难消化清蛋白，并能吸附大量的葡萄糖。在动物实验中，中麸皮白蛋白抑制口服葡萄糖负荷后的餐后血糖升高，大米胚乳白蛋白也是如此。由于中麸皮是胚乳的外层，因此分布着许多功能性成分。本研究为有效利用黄酒生产过程中废弃的中糠作为预防糖尿病的功能性食品原料提供了依据。
Suppression of rapid increase in blood glucose level using food components can prevent diabetes. To use functional food components from natural resources, information regarding the plant varieties and plant parts where the component exists is important for the effective extraction and the effective use of biological resources. We have previously found that proteins from the albumin fraction of rice endosperm are indigestible and adsorb glucose to suppress postprandial blood glucose elevation in vivo. However, the variety and location of this functional protein remain unknown. We investigated whether water‐soluble fraction from the endosperm of indica and javanica rice and red and middle bran of japonica rice contains functional albumin observed in the endosperm of japonica. Middle bran was found to possess an indigestible albumin with the same molecular weight as that in the endosperm of japonica and adsorb a large amount of glucose. Middle‐bran albumin suppressed postprandial blood glucose elevation after oral glucose loading in animal experiments, as well as the rice‐endosperm albumin. As middle bran is the outer layer of the endosperm, many functional components are distributed. Our study can aid the effective use of middle bran, which is predominantly discarded in the process of making rice wine, as a functional food material for the prevention of diabetes mellitus.