Minimizing insecticides for control of spotted wing drosophila ( Drosophila suzukii ) in soft fruit using bait sprays
Minimizing insecticides for control of spotted wing drosophila ( Drosophila suzukii ) in soft fruit using bait sprays
复制标题
使用诱饵喷雾最大限度地减少杀虫剂控制软果中的斑翅果蝇（Drosophila suzukii）
DOI：
10.1111/jen.12917
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Noble R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Noble R
Suzukii果蝇是一种主要的水果害虫，在果实收获前产卵。控制仍然依赖于常规使用杀虫剂。在半田间实验中，我们测试了通过结合较低的施用率、施用量和施用面积，与诱食剂诱饵相结合，与杀虫剂的全田间施用率和未处理的对照相比，减少控制铃虫所需的杀虫剂量的可能性。诱饵是（1）Combi‐ protect-植物提取物、蛋白质和糖的专有混合物，（2）酵母Hanseniaspora uvarum的悬浮液和（3）糖蜜。低杀虫剂率为满率的4%，并通过稀释喷雾中的杀虫剂浓度和减少喷雾量来实现。低比率作为粗质量喷雾在草莓或乌藨子作物中间的一条带中施用。全量以细液滴形式施用于整个作物冠层。在草莓中，Combi‐protec与低比率的氰虫苯甲酰胺导致与全比率相同的铃木盾蚧控制水平。Combi-protec是比H. uvarum悬浮液更有效的诱饵。在乌藨子中，与低剂量施用相比，全剂量施用对作物的平均喷雾存款覆盖率高约8倍。然而，与杀虫剂的全剂量相比，低剂量的氰虫苯甲酰胺和多杀菌素与Combi-protec或糖蜜毒饵对铃木夜蛾的防治效果相同。在乌藨子中，四种全速率杀虫剂喷雾的成本分别比四种低速率杀虫剂喷雾（Combi-protec或糖蜜）高74 ha-1或314 ha-1。低的应用率导致水果杀虫剂残留量低于11%的树莓喷洒满率。
Drosophila suzukiiis a major pest of soft fruits, laying eggs in fruit before it is harvested. Control remains dependent on routine applications of insecticides. In semi‐field experiments, we tested the possibility of reducing the amount of insecticide needed to controlD. suzukiiby combining lower rates, volumes and area of application, in combination with phagostimulant baits in comparison with full field rates of the insecticides and an untreated control. The baits were (1) Combi‐protec—a proprietary mixture of plant extract, proteins and sugars, (2) a suspension of the yeastHanseniaspora uvarumand (3) molasses. Low insecticide rates were 4% of the full rates and were attained by diluting the insecticide concentration in the spray and reducing the sprayed volume. The low rate was applied as a coarse quality spray in a swath across the middle of the strawberry or raspberry crop. The full rate was applied as fine droplets to the entire crop canopy. In strawberry, the Combi‐protec with a low rate of cyantraniliprole resulted in the same level of control ofD. suzukiias the full rate. Combi‐protec was a more effective bait than theH. uvarumsuspension. In raspberry, the average spray deposit coverage on the crop was approximately eight times higher with the full rate application compared with the low rate application. However, low rates of cyantraniliprole and spinosad with Combi‐protec or molasses baits were equally effective inD. suzukiicontrol compared with the full rates of insecticides. In raspberry, the cost of the four full rate sprays of insecticides was £74 ha‐1or £314 ha‐1more than the four low rate insecticide sprays with Combi‐protec or molasses, respectively. The low rates of application resulted in fruit insecticide residues being less than 11% of those from raspberries sprayed with the full rates.