Checkpoint Inhibitors and Hepatotoxicity.
Checkpoint Inhibitors and Hepatotoxicity.
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DOI：
10.3390/biomedicines9020101
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发表时间：
2021-01-21
期刊：
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Neuman MG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Malnick SDH;Abdullah A;Neuman MG
对病原体或任何蛋白质的不受控制的免疫应答可导致组织损伤和自身免疫性疾病，其代表个体对其自身细胞和/或蛋白质的异常免疫应答。免疫检查点系统是控制免疫应答的调节机制。肿瘤细胞逃避免疫监视机制，通过激活这些检查点和抑制抗肿瘤反应来避免免疫检测和消除，从而允许形成肿瘤。抗原调节促进掩蔽并有助于肿瘤细胞的逃逸。此外，还有生长细胞促进剂，如转化生长因子β（TGF-β），有助于逃逸机制。靶向恶性肿瘤细胞的免疫逃逸是免疫肿瘤学的基础。检查点抑制剂、细胞因子及其抗体可以增强免疫系统对肿瘤的反应。目前，免疫调节剂已被设计，在临床试验中评估，并已被欧洲和美国药品管理局批准。本综述反映了检查点抑制剂日益重要的作用。我们的目的是审查这些新的生物药物干预的副作用，重点是肝脏不良反应。
Uncontrolled immune response to a pathogen or any protein can lead to tissue damage and autoimmune diseases, that represent aberrant immune responses of the individual to its own cells and/or proteins. The immune checkpoint system is the regulatory mechanism that controls immune responses. Tumor cells escape the immune surveillance mechanism, avoiding immune detection and elimination by activating these checkpoints and suppressing the anti-tumor response, thus allowing formation of tumors. Antigenic modulation facilitates masking and contributes to the escape of tumor cells. In addition, there are growing cell promoters, like transforming growth factor β (TGF-β), contributing to escape mechanisms. Targeting the immunological escape of malignant cells is the basis of immune oncology. Checkpoint inhibitors, cytokines and their antibodies may enhance the immune system’s response to tumors. Currently, immunomodulatory agents have been designed, evaluated in clinical trials and have been approved by both European and United States Drug Agencies. The present review is a reflection of the increasingly important role of the checkpoint inhibitors. Our aim is to review the side effects with the emphasis on hepatic adverse reactions of these novel biological drug interventions.
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影响因子：
120.7
作者：
Engels, Eric A.;Pfeiffer, Ruth M.;Fraumeni, Joseph F., Jr.;Kasiske, Bertram L.;Israni, Ajay K.;Snyder, Jon J.;Wolfe, Robert A.;Goodrich, Nathan P.;Bayakly, A. Rana;Clarke, Christina A.;Copeland, Glenn;Finch, Jack L.;Fleissner, Mary Lou;Goodman, Marc T.;Kahn, Amy;Koch, Lori;Lynch, Charles F.;Madeleine, Margaret M.;Pawlish, Karen;Rao, Chandrika;Williams, Melanie A.;Castenson, David;Curry, Michael;Parsons, Ruth;Fant, Gregory;Lin, Monica
通讯作者：
Lin, Monica
影响因子：
10.1
作者：
Anderson, Ana C.
通讯作者：
Anderson, Ana C.
影响因子：
30.5
作者：
Blackburn, Shawn D.;Shin, Haina;Haining, W. Nicholas;Zou, Tao;Workman, Creg J.;Polley, Antonio;Betts, Michael R.;Freeman, Gordon J.;Vignali, Dario A. A.;Wherry, E. John
通讯作者：
Wherry, E. John
影响因子：
158.5
作者：
Finn, Richard S.;Qin, Shukui;Cheng, Ann-Lii
通讯作者：
Cheng, Ann-Lii
影响因子：
0.9
作者：
Ahmed, Tauqeer;Pandey, Ritwik;Black, Jason
通讯作者：
Black, Jason