Tendon-Derived Stem Cells (TDSCs): From Basic Science to Potential Roles in Tendon Pathology and Tissue Engineering Applications
Tendon-Derived Stem Cells (TDSCs): From Basic Science to Potential Roles in Tendon Pathology and Tissue Engineering Applications
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DOI：
10.1007/s12015-011-9276-0
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发表时间：
2011-11-01
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Chan, Kai Ming
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lui, Pauline Po Yee;Chan, Kai Ming
传统上，人们认为肌腱只含有负责维持、修复和重塑肌腱的肌腱细胞。干细胞，被称为肌腱源性干细胞（tdsc），最近在肌腱中被发现。本文综述了TDSC体外特性的研究进展，包括TDSC的分离培养、细胞形态、免疫表型、增殖分化特性和体外传代过程中的衰老等。在研究这些细胞的功能的挑战也进行了讨论。tdsc所在的生态位本质上提供了有利于维持tdsc最终干细胞特性的信号。然而，小生境也可能通过对tdsc或其他靶标施加异常功能而诱发病理。本文讨论了tdsc可能的生态位因素。我们提出了支持tdsc在肌腱病变发展中潜在致病作用的现有证据，并参考了这些细胞对其潜在生态位因子的改变的生物学反应的最新发现。由于肌腱环境对移植细胞来说是一个理想和熟悉的环境，因此使用常驻干细胞可以促进移植细胞在肌腱和肌腱-骨交界处修复中的植入和分化。证据表明，使用tdsc作为肌腱和肌腱-骨连接修复的新细胞来源的潜在优势和结果。关于使用tdsc进行组织修复的问题也进行了讨论。
Traditionally, tendons are considered to only contain tenocytes that are responsible for the maintenance, repair and remodeling of tendons. Stem cells, which are termed tendon-derived stem cells (TDSCs), have recently been identified in tendons. This review aims to summarize the current information about the in vitro characteristics of TDSCs, including issues related to TDSC isolation and culture, their cell morphology, immunophenotypes, proliferation and differentiation characteristics and senescence during in vitro passaging. The challenges in studying the functions of these cells are also discussed. The niche where TDSCs resided essentially provides signals that are conducive to the maintenance of definitive stem cell properties of TDSCs. Yet the niche may also induce pathologies by imposing an aberrant function on TDSCs or other targets. The possible niche factors of TDSCs are herein discussed. We presented current evidences supporting the potential pathogenic role of TDSCs in the development of tendinopathy with reference to the recent findings on the altered biological responses of these cells in response to their potential niche factors. The use of resident stem cells may promote engraftment and differentiation of transplanted cells in tendon and tendon-bone junction repair because the tendon milieu is an ideal and familiar environment to the transplanted cells. Evidences are presented to show the potential advantages and results of using TDSCs as a new cell source for tendon and tendon-bone junction repair. Issues pertaining to the use of TDSCs for tissue repair are also discussed.