A Faster Solution to Smale's 17th Problem I: Real Binomial Systems

A Faster Solution to Smale's 17th Problem I: Real Binomial Systems
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更快解决 Smale 第 17 题 I:实二项式系统

DOI:
10.1145/3326229.3326267
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发表时间:
2019
期刊:
ISSAC (International Symposium on Symbolic and Algebraic Computation
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Rojas, J. Maurice
Rojas, J. Maurice
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Paouris, Grigoris;Phillipson, Kaitlyn;Rojas, J. Maurice

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设F:=(f_1,ł点,f_n)是一个n元随机多项式系统,其中f_i的次数为ł等式,f_i中x^a_1\cdots x^a_n的系数为均值0和方差的独立复高斯型。A_1!\cdots a_n!łeft(d_i-\sum^n_j=1 a_j\right)!。Lairez在Smer的第17个问题上的最新进展-建立在Shub、Beltran、Pardo、Bürgisser和Cucker的开创性工作基础上-产生了一个确定性算法,平均只使用N^O(1)个算术运算就能找到F的单个(复数)近似根,其中N:=\!\sum^n_i=1\frac(n+di)!N!di!(=n(n+\max_i di)^O(\min\n,\max_i di)\)是这样一个F的单项式的最大可能总数。然而,当项的数目较少时,是否可以更快地进行,并且我们仅限于实系数和实根?人们还能用更一般的概率度量保持平均情况下的多项式时间吗?当F是二项式系统时,我们证明了答案是肯定的-这种情况的数值解是求解任意多项式系统的多面体同伦算法的关键步骤。我们给出了一个确定性算法,它平均只需要O(n^3łog^2(n\max_i di_i))次算术运算就能找到一个实近似根(或正确地判定没有)。此外,我们的方法允许具有任意方差的实高斯型。我们还简要讨论了当F具有更多项时,在nłogmax_idi中保持平均情况多项式的障碍。
Suppose F:=(f_1,łdots,f_n) is a system of random n-variate polynomials with f_i having degree łeq\!d_i and the coefficient of x^a_1 _1\cdots x^a_n _n in f_i being an independent complex Gaussian of mean 0 and variance \fracd_i! a_1!\cdots a_n!łeft(d_i-\sum^n_j=1 a_j \right)! . Recent progress on Smale's 17þth Problem by Lairez --- building upon seminal work of Shub, Beltran, Pardo, Bü rgisser, and Cucker --- has resulted in a deterministic algorithm that finds a single (complex) approximate root of F using just N^O(1) arithmetic operations on average, where N\!:=\!\sum^n_i=1 \frac(n+d_i)! n!d_i! (=n(n+\max_i d_i)^O(\min\n,\max_i d_i)\ ) is the maximum possible total number of monomial terms for such an F. However, can one go faster when the number of terms is smaller, and we restrict to real coefficient and real roots? And can one still maintain average-case polynomial-time with more general probability measures? We show the answer is yes when F is instead a binomial system --- a case whose numerical solution is a key step in polyhedral homotopy algorithms for solving arbitrary polynomial systems. We give a deterministic algorithm that finds a real approximate root (or correctly decides there are none) using just O(n^3łog^2(n\max_i d_i)) arithmetic operations on average. Furthermore, our approach allows real Gaussians with arbitrary variance. We also discuss briefly the obstructions to maintaining average-case time polynomial in nłog \max_i d_i when F has more terms.
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