Spontaneous Mental Replay of Music Improves Memory for Incidentally Associated Event Knowledge
Spontaneous Mental Replay of Music Improves Memory for Incidentally Associated Event Knowledge
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DOI：
10.1037/xge0001050
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发表时间：
2021-06-10
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Janata, Petr
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kubit, Benjamin M.;Janata, Petr
为什么音乐能有效地唤起人们对过去的回忆？熟悉的音乐是一种强有力的线索，可以触发对相关自传体记忆的回忆，通常是不由自主的。音乐和非音乐知识之间的联系最初形成并巩固到长期记忆中的机制还没有阐明。在三个实验中，我们将两种常见的音乐现象--非自愿音乐意象(INMI；通常被称为“耳虫”)和音乐唤起的记忆联系在一起，测试这样的意象有助于巩固对与音乐相关的事件的记忆的假设。我们通过首先让参与者在不同的注意和感觉运动要求的任务中接触这些环路来操纵体验新音乐环路的INMI的可能性。然后，一周后，这些循环被用作陌生电影的配乐。在观看电影之后，参与者立即回忆起电影的细节，并使用配乐作为提取线索。延迟期的INMI量预测了音乐本身记忆的准确性，以及在30-S时期的时间粒度上回忆的电影知识的量，在此期间，各个循环播放。我们的结论是，在INMI发作期间，音乐序列记忆的重放对于音乐和相关的情节信息来说都是一种巩固机制。因此，我们证明，自发的内部线索记忆重新激活是一种自然发生的记忆过程，可以改善对现实世界事件知识的保持。
Why is music effective at evoking memories from one's past? Familiar music is a potent cue that can trigger, often involuntarily, the recollection of associated autobiographical memories. The mechanisms by which associations between music and nonmusical knowledge initially form and consolidate into long-term memory have not been elucidated. In three experiments, we linked two common musical phenomena, involuntary musical imagery (INMI; commonly called "earworms") and music-evoked remembering, in testing the hypothesis that such imagery aids in the consolidation of memory for events with which music becomes associated. We manipulated the probability of experiencing INMI for novel music loops by first exposing participants to these loops during tasks that varied in attentional and sensorimotor demands. Then, 1 week later, these loops served as soundtracks for unfamiliar movies. Immediately after movie viewing, and at subsequent delays of 1-4 weeks, participants recalled movie details, using the soundtracks as retrieval cues. The amount of INMI across the delay periods predicted both the accuracy of the memory for the music itself and the amount of recalled movie knowledge at the temporal granularity of the 30-s epochs during which individual loops played. We conclude that the replay of musical sequence memories during episodes of INMI serves as a consolidation mechanism both for the music and for associated episodic information. We thus demonstrate that spontaneous internally cued memory reactivation is a naturally occurring memory process that improves retention of real-world event knowledge.