Pulsed electromagnetic (short-wave) energy therapy.
Pulsed electromagnetic (short-wave) energy therapy.
复制标题
脉冲电磁（短波）能量疗法。
DOI：
10.1136/bjsm.23.4.213
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发表时间：
1989
影响因子：
18.4
通讯作者：
P. M. Geoffrey C. Goats
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
P. M. Geoffrey C. Goats
使用脉冲电磁能量的治疗现在在英国被广泛使用，许多人声称其临床有效性。这项技术大约在40年前从连续短波透热发展而来，在许多方面与连续短波透热相似。然而，这些疗法之间存在某些重要差异，这些差异显著影响了它们的临床应用。连续短波透热（SWD）在其他地方有详细的描述，主要依赖于它的治疗效果，它是由一个强振荡电磁场在病人组织深处产生的加热模式。热是由电场内离子的运动、分子和晶格的变形以及组织内产生的涡流产生的。电磁场以27.12兆赫的频率振荡。进入组织的能量比在循环中输送的能量要多，组织很容易达到40-450C3的治疗范围内的温度。因此，这种技术被准确地描述为透热疗法。脉冲电磁能量疗法（PEMET）不能正确地称为透热疗法，因为很少或没有组织加热发生。该仪器以与连续SWD相同的频率工作，但输出是作为一串脉冲传递的。因此，强电磁场的建立只是短暂的，在随后的零输出期间，产生的任何热量都通过循环散发出去。该技术允许使用非常高的峰值功率输出，而没有组织温度不希望增加的风险。峰值功率输出在生物学上似乎比平均功率输出更重要。PEMET的治疗效果似乎更多地取决于电场和磁场与生物组织之间的微妙相互作用，而不是加热。尽管调查仍在继续，但对这些过程的了解还很少。本文将结合运动医学中常见的几种情况，尝试描述PEMET的装置、生物物理和生理治疗效果。
Therapy using pulsed electromagnetic energy is now used widely in the UK and many claims are made regarding its clinical effectiveness. The technique developed about 40 years ago from that of continuous short-wave diathermy, to which it is similar in many respects. There are, however, certain important differences between these therapies that influence significantly their clinical application. Continuous short-wave diathermy (SWD) is described fully elsewhere' ' and relies principally for its therapeutic effect upon the pattern of heating generated deep within the tissues of the patient by a strong oscillating electromagnetic field. Heat is generated by the movement of ions and distortion of molecules and crystal lattices within the field, and by eddy currents induced within the tissues. The electromagnetic field oscillates at a frequency of 27.12 MHz. More energy enters the tissue than is transported away in the circulation and tissue easily achieves temperatures within the therapeutic range of 40-450C3. This technique is thus accurately described as diathermy. Pulsed electromagnetic energy therapy (PEMET) cannot correctly be called a diathermy because little or no heating of the tissue occurs. The apparatus operates at the same frequency as continuous SWD but the output is delivered as a train of pulses5. The intense electromagnetic field is thus established only briefly, and during the subsequent period of nil output, any heat produced is dissipated by the circulation6. This technique allows the use of a very high peak power output without the risk of an undesirable increase in tissue temperature. Peak power output appears to be more significant biologically than mean output . The therapeutic effects of PEMET appear to depend more upon subtle interactions between the electric and magnetic field and biological tissue than upon heating. These processes are as yet poorly understood, although investigations are continuing. This paper will attempt to describe the apparatus, biophysics and physiological and therapeutic effects of PEMET with reference to the types of condition encountered frequently in sports medicine.