Rise of the rare biosphere
Rise of the rare biosphere
复制标题
DOI：
10.1525/elementa.2020.00056
复制
发表时间：
2021-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
N. Record;P. Countway;Kohl Kanwit;J. Fernández-Robledo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
N. Record;P. Countway;Kohl Kanwit;J. Fernández-Robledo
海洋生态系统正在发生变化，气候包络范式预测物种分布范围将发生稳步变化，大约向极地移动。缅因湾是这种范例的一个测试案例，因为气温急剧变暖。一些物种已经向东北转移，这与预测相符。其他藻类——即澳大利亚拟菱形藻和米基本凯伦藻等有害藻类——似乎没有遵循气候轨迹，意外地抵达缅因湾。稀有生物圈动力学为理解和预测此类意外事件提供了一种可能的生态视角。浮游生物中的稀有物种（可能比南方的物种更稀有）可能会给未来的管理带来挑战。改进对稀有生物圈的监测和更广泛的协调有助于开发有害和有毒藻类的早期预警系统。还需要对稀有生物圈动力学有更好的理论理解。下一批生态系统预测面临的挑战是预测新出现的令我们措手不及的有害物种。
Ocean ecosystems are changing, and the climate envelope paradigm predicts a steady shift, approximately poleward, of species ranges. The Gulf of Maine presents a test case of this paradigm, as temperatures have warmed extremely rapidly. Some species have shifted northeastward, matching predictions. Others—namely harmful algal species like Pseudo-nitzschia australis and Karenia mikimotoi—do not appear to have followed climate trajectories, arriving as surprises in the Gulf of Maine. Rare-biosphere dynamics offer one possible ecological lens for understanding and predicting this type of surprise. Rare species in the plankton, possibly more so than southerly ones, may provide management challenges in the future. Improved monitoring and broader coordination of monitoring of the rare biosphere could help develop early warning systems for harmful and toxic algae. A better theoretical understanding of rare biosphere dynamics is also needed. A challenge for the next cohort of ecosystem projections is to predict the newly emerging harmful species of the type that catch us by surprise.