Effective pollination period in durian (Durio zibethinus Murr.) and the factors regulating it
Effective pollination period in durian (Durio zibethinus Murr.) and the factors regulating it
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DOI：
10.1016/j.scienta.2006.10.016
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发表时间：
2007-01-04
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Yonemori, Keizo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Honsho, Chitose;Somsri, Songpol;Yonemori, Keizo
榴莲的有效授粉期（EPP）由延迟授粉和蕾期授粉决定，在此期间影响EPP的生殖因子，对柱头可授性、花粉管在花柱中的生长和胚珠寿命进行了组织学研究。这项研究在泰国的三个不同地点进行，即Chantaburi园艺研究中心和Chantaburi和Trat省的两个私人果园。人工授粉结果表明，榴莲开花期花朵易接受，座果率高。在Chantaburi省的私人果园在开花期获得了50%的平均坐果率。然而，榴莲的EPP被发现是非常短的，持续只有一个晚上，从开花后的早晨授粉坐果从0%到3.4%不等。开花后24小时或更长时间授粉后没有坐果。与其他水果品种的花相比，榴莲花有一个独特的特点，它在夜间开花;第二天早上，除了雌蕊，花的所有部分都会脱落。因此，EPP似乎与花的寿命同步。另一方面，榴莲花在开花前几个小时就可接受。用过氧化氢试验和Perex-Test（R）等化学试验评价柱头可授性的结果与EPP一致。荧光显微镜观察发现，花后48 h授粉的柱头仍能萌发花粉，但花柱顶端的花粉管数迅速减少，从开花时的34.6个减少到48 h时的0.5个。相关性检验表明，坐果率与花粉数的相关系数高于坐果率与Perex-Test（R）结果的相关系数。这表明，花粉管在花柱中的穿透或伸长受到抑制，可能是由于从雌蕊到花粉管的营养支持的恶化，这可能是榴莲EPP的限制因素。(c)2006 Elsevier B. V.保留所有权利。
The effective pollination period (EPP) of durian was determined by both delayed and bud pollination, during which reproductive factors affecting the EPP, e.g., stigma receptivity, pollen tube growth in the style, and ovule longevity were studied histologically. This study was conducted in three distinct locations in Thailand, namely, the Chantaburi Horticultural Research Center and two private orchards in Chantaburi and Trat provinces. Results from artificial pollination revealed that at anthesis, the durian flower is receptive and has a high fruit set ratio. A mean fruit set of 50% was obtained at anthesis in the private orchard in Chantaburi province. However, the EPP of durian was found to be very short, lasting for only one night; the fruit set from pollination on the morning after anthesis ranged from 0% to 3.4%. No fruit set occurred following pollination 24 or more hours after anthesis. When compared with the flowers of other fruit species, the durian flower has a unique feature in that it blooms overnight; the following morning, there is abscission of all parts of the flower, except the gynoecium. Thus, EPP appears to be synchronized with flower longevity. On the other hand, the durian flower was receptive several hours before anthesis. The results of chemical tests, including the hydrogen peroxide test and Perex-Test (R), for the evaluation of stigma receptivity appeared to be in agreement with the EPP. However, fluorescent microscopy revealed that pollen could germinate even in the stigmas pollinated 48 h after anthesis, but the number of pollen tubes at the top of the style rapidly decreased from 34.6 (at anthesis) to 0.5 (48 h after anthesis). A correlation test demonstrated a higher correlation coefficient between the fruit set and the number of pollen than that between the fruit set and the result of Perex-Test (R). This indicated that pollen tube penetration or elongation in the style was inhibited, probably due to the deterioration of nutritional support from the pistil to the pollen tubes this can be a limiting factor of the EPP in durian. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.