A Multimessenger Picture of the Flaring Blazar TXS 0506+056: Implications for High-energy Neutrino Emission and Cosmic-Ray Acceleration
A Multimessenger Picture of the Flaring Blazar TXS 0506+056: Implications for High-energy Neutrino Emission and Cosmic-Ray Acceleration
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DOI：
10.3847/1538-4357/aad59a
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发表时间：
2018-07
期刊：
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通讯作者：
A. Keivani;K. Murase;M. Petropoulou;D. Fox;S. Cenko;S. Cenko;S. Chaty;A. Coleiro;A. Coleiro;J. DeLaunay;S. Dimitrakoudis;P. Evans;J. Kennea;Francis E. Marshall;A. Mastichiadis;J. Osborne;M. Santander;A. Tohuvavohu;C. Turley
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作者：
A. Keivani;K. Murase;M. Petropoulou;D. Fox;S. Cenko;S. Cenko;S. Chaty;A. Coleiro;A. Coleiro;J. DeLaunay;S. Dimitrakoudis;P. Evans;J. Kennea;Francis E. Marshall;A. Mastichiadis;J. Osborne;M. Santander;A. Tohuvavohu;C. Turley
IceCube-170922 A中微子与耀变体TXS 0506+056的发现是迄今为止第一个也是唯一一个发现的103 σ高能中微子源组合，这为我们对高能宇宙粒子和耀变体物理的理解提供了一个潜在的突破。我们提出了一个全面的分析TXS 0506+056在其耀斑状态，使用新收集的雨燕，努斯塔，和X-射手数据与费米观测和数值模型，以约束耀变体的粒子加速过程和多信使（电磁（EM）和高能中微子）的排放。考虑到发射区的电磁级联，我们发现一个物理上一致的图片，只有在一个混合轻子的情况下，与γ射线产生的外部逆康普顿过程和高能中微子通过辐射subdominant强子组件。我们得到强大的约束耀变体的中微子和宇宙射线的排放，并证明，由于级联效应，TXS 0506+056的0.1-100 keV的排放作为一个更好的探测器的强子加速和高能中微子的生产过程比其GeV-TeV的排放。如果冰立方中微子关联成立，TXS 0506+056喷流中的物理条件必须接近高能中微子产生的最佳条件，并且不利于超高能宇宙射线加速。或者，我们在TXS 0506+056中产生显著的冰立方中微子探测率的挑战可能不利于单区模型，其中γ射线和高能中微子在单个发射区产生。为了配合高能中微子天文台的持续运行，我们主张定期对TXS 0506+056和其他耀变体进行X射线监测，以测试单区耀变体发射模型，澄清其强子加速过程的性质和程度，并对其他多信使源进行最敏感的搜索。
Detection of the IceCube-170922A neutrino coincident with the flaring blazar TXS 0506+056, the first and only ∼3σ high-energy neutrino source association to date, offers a potential breakthrough in our understanding of high-energy cosmic particles and blazar physics. We present a comprehensive analysis of TXS 0506+056 during its flaring state, using newly collected Swift, NuSTAR, and X-shooter data with Fermi observations and numerical models to constrain the blazar’s particle acceleration processes and multimessenger (electromagnetic (EM) and high-energy neutrino) emissions. Accounting properly for EM cascades in the emission region, we find a physically consistent picture only within a hybrid leptonic scenario, with γ-rays produced by external inverse-Compton processes and high-energy neutrinos via a radiatively subdominant hadronic component. We derive robust constraints on the blazar’s neutrino and cosmic-ray emissions and demonstrate that, because of cascade effects, the 0.1–100 keV emissions of TXS 0506+056 serve as a better probe of its hadronic acceleration and high-energy neutrino production processes than its GeV–TeV emissions. If the IceCube neutrino association holds, physical conditions in the TXS 0506+056 jet must be close to optimal for high-energy neutrino production, and are not favorable for ultrahigh-energy cosmic-ray acceleration. Alternatively, the challenges we identify in generating a significant rate of IceCube neutrino detections from TXS 0506+056 may disfavor single-zone models, in which γ-rays and high-energy neutrinos are produced in a single emission region. In concert with continued operations of the high-energy neutrino observatories, we advocate regular X-ray monitoring of TXS 0506+056 and other blazars in order to test single-zone blazar emission models, clarify the nature and extent of their hadronic acceleration processes, and carry out the most sensitive possible search for additional multimessenger sources.