Intracellular activity of pharyngeal motoneurons during breathing, swallowing, and coughing
Intracellular activity of pharyngeal motoneurons during breathing, swallowing, and coughing
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呼吸、吞咽和咳嗽过程中咽部运动神经元的细胞内活动
DOI：
10.1152/jn.00093.2020
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发表时间：
2020
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Sugiyama Yoichiro
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Umezaki Toshiro;Shiba Keisuke;Sugiyama Yoichiro
我们记录了45个咽运动神经元（PMs）在呼吸、吞咽和咳嗽过程中的膜电位变化，其中包括33个呼气调制神经元和12个非呼吸神经元。吞咽过程中出现4种类型的膜电位变化：吞咽时除极（n= 27），除极后短暂（≤ 0.1s）超极化（n= 4），长时间（> 0.3s）超极化后除极（n= 11），吞咽后期超极化（n= 3）。在咳嗽过程中，PMs表现出两种类型的膜电位变化（n= 10）。9个神经元在咳嗽呼气相出现斜坡状去极化，电位峰值出现在呼气相末。这种去极化被电位峰前的短暂复极化所打断。剩余神经元的膜电位在呼气相开始时突然去极化，然后逐渐下降，甚至在呼气相结束后。单次电击刺激上级喉神经（SLN）诱导的抑制性突触后电位在21个PM的19。两个运动神经元表现出SLN诱导的兴奋性突触后电位。本研究表明，PM接收中央驱动器，包括兴奋和抑制的组合，从模式发生器电路的呼吸，吞咽，咳嗽，这改变了他们的膜电位的属性，以产生这些运动行为的咽。我们的数据将提供的基础上的研究咽部活动及其控制从髓神经元电路负责上气道运动activity.NEW & NOTEWORTHYWe提供了第一次演示的多功能活动的咽运动神经元在膜电位水平在呼吸，吞咽和咳嗽。
We recorded membrane potentialp changes in 45 pharyngeal motoneurons (PMs) including 33 expiratory modulated and 12 nonrespiratory neurons during breathing, swallowing, and coughing in decerebrate paralyzed cats. Four types of membrane potential changes were observed during swallowing:1) depolarization during swallowing (n= 27),2) depolarization preceded by a brief (≤ 0.1 s) hyperpolarization (n= 4),3) longer term (> 0.3 s) hyperpolarization followed by depolarization (n= 11), and4) hyperpolarization during the latter period of swallowing (n= 3). During coughing, PMs showed two types of membrane potential changes (n= 10). Nine neurons exhibited a ramp-like depolarization during the expiratory phase of coughing with the potential peak at the end of expiratory phase. This depolarization was interrupted by a transient repolarization just before the potential peak. The membrane potential of the remaining neuron abruptly depolarized at the onset of the expiratory phase and then gradually decreased even after the end of the expiratory phase. Single-shock stimulation of the superior laryngeal nerve (SLN) induced inhibitory postsynaptic potentials in 19 of 21 PMs. Two motoneurons exhibited an SLN-induced excitatory postsynaptic potential. The present study revealed that PMs receive the central drive, consisting of a combination of excitation and inhibition, from the pattern generator circuitry of breathing, swallowing, and coughing, which changes the properties of their membrane potential to generate these motor behaviors of the pharynx. Our data will provide the basis of studies of pharyngeal activity and its control from the medullary neuronal circuitry responsible for the upper airway motor activity.NEW & NOTEWORTHYWe have provided the first demonstration of the multifunctional activity of the pharyngeal motoneurons at the level of membrane potential during respiration, swallowing, and coughing.