Proteolytic activation of the SARS-coronavirus spike protein: cutting enzymes at the cutting edge of antiviral research.
Proteolytic activation of the SARS-coronavirus spike protein: cutting enzymes at the cutting edge of antiviral research.
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SARS 冠状病毒刺突蛋白的蛋白水解激活：抗病毒研究前沿的切割酶。
DOI：
10.1016/j.antiviral.2013.09.028
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发表时间：
2013-12
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
Poehlmann, Stefan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Simmons, Graham;Zmora, Pawel;Gierer, Stefanie;Heurich, Adeline;Poehlmann, Stefan
宿主细胞蛋白酶激活 SARS 冠状病毒的刺突蛋白。激活对于病毒感染性至关重要，也是潜在的干预目标。组织蛋白酶 L 激活宿主细胞内体中的刺突蛋白。 TMPRSS2 激活质膜上的刺突蛋白。 SARS 和 MERS 冠状病毒利用相同的蛋白酶进行激活。严重急性呼吸综合征（SARS）大流行表明，动物冠状病毒（CoV）向人类的人畜共患传播对公众健康构成重大威胁，需要进行监测和制定对策。宿主细胞蛋白酶的活性可裂解并激活 SARS-CoV 刺突 (S) 蛋白，对于病毒感染性至关重要，也是干预的目标。然而，所涉及的蛋白酶的身份尚不清楚。先驱研究发现组织蛋白酶和 II 型跨膜丝氨酸蛋白酶是 SARS-CoV 的细胞激活剂，并证明几种新兴病毒可能利用这些酶来促进其传播。在这里，我们将回顾 SARS-CoV 劫持的 S 蛋白激活蛋白水解系统，讨论它们对病毒在宿主体内传播的贡献，并概述针对这些酶的抗病毒策略。本文是《抗病毒研究》系列特邀文章的一部分，主题为“从 SARS 到 MERS：高致病性人类冠状病毒的 10 年研究”。
Host cell proteases activate the spike protein of the SARS-coronavirus. Activation is essential for viral infectivity and a potential target for intervention. Cathepsin L activates the spike protein in host cell endosomes. TMPRSS2 activates the spike protein at the plasma membrane. SARS- and MERS-coronavirus exploit the same proteases for activation. The severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) pandemic revealed that zoonotic transmission of animal coronaviruses (CoV) to humans poses a significant threat to public health and warrants surveillance and the development of countermeasures. The activity of host cell proteases, which cleave and activate the SARS-CoV spike (S) protein, is essential for viral infectivity and constitutes a target for intervention. However, the identities of the proteases involved have been unclear. Pioneer studies identified cathepsins and type II transmembrane serine proteases as cellular activators of SARS-CoV and demonstrated that several emerging viruses might exploit these enzymes to promote their spread. Here, we will review the proteolytic systems hijacked by SARS-CoV for S protein activation, we will discuss their contribution to viral spread in the host and we will outline antiviral strategies targeting these enzymes. This paper forms part of a series of invited articles in Antiviral Research on “From SARS to MERS: 10 years of research on highly pathogenic human coronaviruses.’’
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DOI：
10.1074/jbc.m110.103275
发表时间：
2010-07-23
期刊：
The Journal of biological chemistry
影响因子：
--
作者：
Belouzard S;Madu I;Whittaker GR
通讯作者：
Whittaker GR
影响因子：
5.4
作者：
Beaulieu, Alexandre;Gravel, Emilie;Richter, Martin V.
通讯作者：
Richter, Martin V.
影响因子：
5.4
作者：
Bosch, Berend Jan;Bartelink, Willem;Rottier, Peter J. M.
通讯作者：
Rottier, Peter J. M.
影响因子：
5.4
作者：
Gierer, Stefanie;Bertram, Stephanie;Poehlmann, Stefan
通讯作者：
Poehlmann, Stefan
影响因子：
5.4
作者：
Glowacka, Ilona;Bertram, Stephanie;Poehlmann, Stefan
通讯作者：
Poehlmann, Stefan