Interacting effects of land use and climate on rodent-borne pathogens in central Kenya.
Interacting effects of land use and climate on rodent-borne pathogens in central Kenya.
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DOI：
10.1098/rstb.2016.0116
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发表时间：
2017-06-05
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Helgen KM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Young HS;McCauley DJ;Dirzo R;Nunn CL;Campana MG;Agwanda B;Otarola-Castillo ER;Castillo ER;Pringle RM;Veblen KE;Salkeld DJ;Stewardson K;Fleischer R;Lambin EF;Palmer TM;Helgen KM
了解人为干扰对人畜共患病风险的影响既是一个重要的保护目标，也是一个公共卫生优先事项。在这里，我们评估了多种形式的人为干扰的影响，在肯尼亚中部的多宿主，多病原体系统的病原体感染的小哺乳动物宿主的丰度在降水梯度。我们的研究结果表明，转换为耕地和野生动物的损失单独驱动系统的啮齿动物传播的病原体流行率的增加，但牧区转换没有这样的系统性影响。最有可能解释的影响，在总的小哺乳动物丰度的变化，并通过一些高竞争力的物种的相对丰度的变化，虽然在载体组合的变化也可能参与。几种病原体对干扰类型和气候条件之间的相互作用作出了反应，这表明人为干扰和气候变化对疾病风险分布的潜在协同效应。总的来说，这些结果表明，保护可以是一个有效的工具，减少丰富的啮齿动物传播的病原体在某些情况下（例如野生动物的损失），但是，鉴于强烈的变化，在不同的干扰类型，病原体类群和环境条件的影响，使用保护作为公共卫生干预措施将需要仔细定制特定的病原体和人类的情况。这篇文章是主题问题“保护，生物多样性和传染病：科学证据和政策含义”的一部分。
Understanding the effects of anthropogenic disturbance on zoonotic disease risk is both a critical conservation objective and a public health priority. Here, we evaluate the effects of multiple forms of anthropogenic disturbance across a precipitation gradient on the abundance of pathogen-infected small mammal hosts in a multi-host, multi-pathogen system in central Kenya. Our results suggest that conversion to cropland and wildlife loss alone drive systematic increases in rodent-borne pathogen prevalence, but that pastoral conversion has no such systematic effects. The effects are most likely explained both by changes in total small mammal abundance, and by changes in relative abundance of a few high-competence species, although changes in vector assemblages may also be involved. Several pathogens responded to interactions between disturbance type and climatic conditions, suggesting the potential for synergistic effects of anthropogenic disturbance and climate change on the distribution of disease risk. Overall, these results indicate that conservation can be an effective tool for reducing abundance of rodent-borne pathogens in some contexts (e.g. wildlife loss alone); however, given the strong variation in effects across disturbance types, pathogen taxa and environmental conditions, the use of conservation as public health interventions will need to be carefully tailored to specific pathogens and human contexts. This article is part of the themed issue ‘Conservation, biodiversity and infectious disease: scientific evidence and policy implications’.