Measuring and Analysing the Wellbeing of Australia's Indigenous Population
Measuring and Analysing the Wellbeing of Australia's Indigenous Population
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DOI：
10.1007/s11205-013-0317-8
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发表时间：
2014-05-01
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Biddle, Nicholas
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Biddle, Nicholas
根据大多数标准的社会经济指标（例如就业、收入和教育），澳大利亚土著人的结果往往比非土著人差。包括预期寿命在内的大多数客观健康指标也趋于恶化。传统上，这两个领域和相关的客观指标一直是研究、政府政策和评价的重点。然而，关于土著和非土著澳大利亚人在主观幸福感方面的差异的研究较少。在本文中，我试图回答三个相关的研究问题土著福祉是什么样的平均水平的情感健康和生活满意度的土著和非土著人口的澳大利亚？一旦控制了其他特征，两个群体之间的差异会如何变化？哪些因素与原住民的情感健康有关？关于前两个问题，与非土著人口相比，土著澳大利亚人不太可能经常报告幸福的时期，而更有可能报告极度悲伤的时期。令人惊讶的是，考虑到这些情绪健康的结果，分析的一个主要发现是，澳大利亚土著人对生活的满意度明显高于平均水平。关于第三个问题的主要发现是，使用回顾性措施，那些在偏远地区报告的幸福水平高于非偏远地区。这是不同的结果，社会经济地位和健康的客观措施，发现在其他地方，并在澳大利亚政府的政策具有重要意义。
According to most standard socioeconomic indicators (for example employment, income and education), Indigenous Australians tend to have worse outcomes than their non-Indigenous counterparts. Most objective health indicators including life expectancy also tend to be worse. Traditionally, these two domains and associated objective indicators have been the focus of research, government policy and evaluation. There has been less research, however, on differences between Indigenous and non-Indigenous Australians in subjective measures of wellbeing. In this paper, I attempt to answer three related research questions on Indigenous wellbeing-What is the average level of emotional wellbeing and satisfaction with life for the Indigenous and non-Indigenous population of Australia? How do the differences between the two populations change once other characteristics have been controlled for? What are the factors associated with emotional wellbeing within the Indigenous population? With regards to the first two questions, Indigenous Australians are less likely to report frequent periods of happiness and more likely to report periods of extreme sadness than the non-Indigenous population. Surprisingly, given these results for emotional wellbeing, a major finding from the analysis was that Indigenous Australians were significantly more likely to report above-average satisfaction with their life. The main finding with regards to the third question is that using retrospective measures, those in remote areas report higher levels of happiness than those in non-remote areas. This is different to the results for socioeconomic status and objective measures of health found elsewhere and has important implications for government policy in Australia.