Enhancing cardiovascular research with whole-organ imaging.
Enhancing cardiovascular research with whole-organ imaging.
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DOI：
10.1097/moh.0000000000000655
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发表时间：
2021-05-01
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Red-Horse K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Rios Coronado PE;Red-Horse K
用于测量整个器官和组织内血管的工具已经取得了巨大进步。在这里，我们总结了免疫标记和整个器官成像方法的一些最新进展，并提供了针对心脏优化的方案。已经建立了多种用于化学清除大型器官的方案，并且变化与细胞类型特异性标记兼容。可以成功地清除心脏组织，以揭示新生和成年小鼠整个冠状血管系统的 3D 结构。获得血管重建需要特别大的成像文件和新的计算方法来处理数据以实现准确的血管量化。这是一个不断发展的领域，它彻底改变了我们以更快的速度获取更大样本数据的能力。从历史上看，心血管研究在很大程度上依赖于使用组织切片的组织学分析，通常对小区域的细胞表型进行采样，缺乏整个组织水平组织的信息。可以修改这种方法来调查整个器官，但图像采集和分析时间可能变得不合理。近年来，全器官免疫标记和透明化方法已成为一种可行的解决方案，而新的显微镜模式（例如光片显微镜）可显着缩短图像采集时间。这些创新使得在整个器官的背景下研究脉管系统变得广泛可用，并有望揭示成体组织和修复过程中令人着迷的新细胞行为。
There have been tremendous advances in the tools available for surveying blood vessels within whole organs and tissues. Here, we summarize some of the recent developments in methods for immunolabeling and imaging whole organs and provide a protocol optimized for the heart. Multiple protocols have been established for chemically clearing large organs and variations are compatible with cell type-specific labeling. Heart tissue can be successfully cleared to reveal the 3D structure of the entire coronary vasculature in neonatal and adult mice. Obtaining vascular reconstructions requires exceptionally large imaging files and new computational methods to process the data for accurate vascular quantifications. This is a continually advancing field that has revolutionized our ability to acquire data on larger samples as a faster rate. Historically, cardiovascular research has relied heavily on histological analyses that use tissue sections, which usually sample cellular phenotypes in small regions and lack information on whole tissue-level organization. This approach can be modified to survey whole organs, but image acquisition and analysis time can become unreasonable. In recent years, whole-organ immunolabeling and clearing methods have emerged as a workable solution, and new microscopy modalities, such as light-sheet microscopy, significantly improve image acquisition times. These innovations make studying the vasculature in the context of the whole organ widely available and promise to reveal fascinating new cellular behaviors in adult tissues and during repair.