Recent Insights into Cell Surface Heparan Sulphate Proteoglycans and Cancer.
Recent Insights into Cell Surface Heparan Sulphate Proteoglycans and Cancer.
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DOI：
10.12688/f1000research.8543.1
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发表时间：
2016-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Sanderson, Ralph D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Couchman, John R;Multhaupt, Hinke;Sanderson, Ralph D
一小部分细胞表面受体是蛋白聚糖，其核心蛋白具有一条或多条共价连接的糖胺聚糖链。它们几乎无处不在，它们的链是许多类型的蛋白质配体相互作用的主要位点。这些蛋白聚糖可以发出信号并调节重要的细胞过程，如粘附、迁移、增殖和分化。由于许多蛋白质配体，如生长因子、形态因子和细胞因子，也与肿瘤进展有关，因此越来越明显的是，细胞表面蛋白聚糖影响肿瘤细胞的行为。在这里，我们回顾了最近的一些进展，强调蛋白质多糖的许多肿瘤相关功能只有在合成和输出到细胞表面的过程中经过修饰后才能揭示。这些包括修饰硫酸肝素结构的酶，将整个或碎片化的蛋白聚糖再循环到可以作为旁分泌效应物或生物标志物的外泌体中，以及一些蛋白聚糖和钙通道之间的横向相互作用，影响肌动蛋白细胞骨架。
A small group of cell surface receptors are proteoglycans, possessing a core protein with one or more covalently attached glycosaminoglycan chains. They are virtually ubiquitous and their chains are major sites at which protein ligands of many types interact. These proteoglycans can signal and regulate important cell processes, such as adhesion, migration, proliferation, and differentiation. Since many protein ligands, such as growth factors, morphogens, and cytokines, are also implicated in tumour progression, it is increasingly apparent that cell surface proteoglycans impact tumour cell behaviour. Here, we review some recent advances, emphasising that many tumour-related functions of proteoglycans are revealed only after their modification in processes subsequent to synthesis and export to the cell surface. These include enzymes that modify heparan sulphate structure, recycling of whole or fragmented proteoglycans into exosomes that can be paracrine effectors or biomarkers, and lateral interactions between some proteoglycans and calcium channels that impact the actin cytoskeleton.