Plasma Yasopressin Concentrations and Effects of Vasopressin Antiserum on Blood Pressure in Rats with Malignant Two‐Kidney Goldblatt Hypertension
Plasma Yasopressin Concentrations and Effects of Vasopressin Antiserum on Blood Pressure in Rats with Malignant Two‐Kidney Goldblatt Hypertension
复制标题
血浆加压素浓度和加压素抗血清对恶性双肾 Goldblatt 高血压大鼠血压的影响
作者：
J. Mohring;B. Mohring;M. Petri;D. Haack
雄性Sprague-Dawley大鼠单侧肾动脉狭窄和对侧未受影响的肾脏发展为恶性高血压（MH），其特征是高血压、钠和水的消耗以及随后肾素-血管紧张素系统的激活。在本研究中，我们发现血浆精氨酸抗利尿激素（AVP）浓度比良性肾性高血压大鼠高3倍，比正常血压对照大鼠高4- 5倍。个体值分析显示有相当大的离散性；约50%的数值在良性高血压或对照大鼠的范围内下降。8只清醒无约束MH大鼠注射特异性AVP抗血清后，4只大鼠血压瞬间降至对照组水平；其中一只大鼠的血压仅下降了10毫米汞柱，另外三只大鼠没有反应。在相同的大鼠中，注射特定的血管紧张素II抗血清总是引起短暂的血压下降。基于这些和先前报道的观察结果，我们得出结论，在钠和水分流失以及肾素-血管紧张素系统的激活之后，大量MH大鼠的抗利尿激素释放受到刺激，并且在这些大鼠中，抗利尿激素可能导致显著的全身血管收缩。因此，抗利尿激素可能与大鼠恶性肾性高血压的发生有关。
Male Sprague-Dawley rats with unilateral renal artery stenosis and a contralateral untouched kidney develop a malignant hypertension (MH) which is characterized by high blood pressures, sodium and water depletion, and subsequent activation of the renin-angiotensin system. In the present studies we found plasma arginine vasopressin (AVP) concentrations 3-fold higher than those in rats with benign renal hypertension, and 4- to 5-fold higher than those in normotensive control rats. Analysis of individual values showed considerable scatter; about 50% of the values fell in the range of benign hypertensive or control rats. When a specific AVP antiserum was injected, iv, into eight conscious unrestrained MH rats, BP transiently fell toward control values in four; in one, BP fell by only 10 mm Hg, and three other MH rats showed no response. In the same rats, injection of a specific angiotensin II antiserum always induced a transient fall in BP. On the basis of these and previously reported observations, we conclude that, subsequent to sodium and water loss and activation of the renin-angiotensin system, vasopressin release is stimulated in a significant number of MH rats and that, in these rats, vasopressin may cause significant systemic vasoconstriction. Thereby vasopressin may contribute to the development of malignant renal hypertension in rats.