Predation risk, host immune response, and parasitism
Predation risk, host immune response, and parasitism
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DOI：
10.1093/beheco/arh054
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发表时间：
2004-07
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
C. Navarro;F. Lope;A. Marzal;A. Møller
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
C. Navarro;F. Lope;A. Marzal;A. Møller
捕食风险会影响潜在猎物对有限资源的分配优先级。由于免疫功能的成本，当宿主暴露于捕食者时，免疫功能的投资应得到降低的优先级。我们通过随机将成年家雀（Passer domesticus）与猫（Felis catus）或兔（Oryctolagus cuniculus）接触6小时来验证这一假设，同时评估它们对植物血凝素的刺激产生t细胞介导的免疫反应的能力。在两个不同的实验中，与接触兔子的麻雀相比，接触猫的麻雀的t细胞反应平均显著减少18%和36%。在一项野外实验中，我们将一只仓鸮（Tyto alba）或一只岩鸽（Columba livia）放在产蛋期间的巢箱旁边，发现t细胞介导的免疫反应平均降低了20%。在雄性中，由于猫暴露而导致的细胞介导的免疫反应的减少随着徽章大小的增加而增加，这是第二性征，但仅在繁殖季节。在第三个实验中，家雀暴露于仓鸽（T. alba）或岩鸽（C. livia），并在接下来的6周内记录疟疾感染的发展情况。暴露于捕食者的麻雀个体比对照个体有更高的流行性和强度的嗜血杆菌疟疾感染。因此，暴露于捕食者降低了寄主通过影响免疫功能来应对寄生的能力。2004年版权。
Predation risk may affect the allocation priorities of limiting resources by potential prey. Investment in immune function should receive reduced priority, when hosts are exposed to predators because of the costs of immune function. We tested this hypothesis by randomly exposing adult house sparrows, Passer domesticus, to either a cat, Felis catus, or a rabbit, Oryctolagus cuniculus, for 6 h while assessing their ability to raise a T-cell--mediated immune response to a challenge with phytohemagglutinin. Sparrows exposed to a cat had a significant reduction of, on average, 18% and 36% in T-cell response in two different experiments compared with sparrows that were exposed to a rabbit. In a field experiment with a barn owl, Tyto alba, or a rock dove, Columba livia, placed next to a nest-box during laying, we found a mean reduction in T-cell--mediated immune response of 20%. In males, the reduction in cell-mediated immune response owing to cat exposure increased with increasing size of the badge, which is a secondary sexual character, but only during the breeding season. In a third experiment, house sparrows were either exposed to a barn own, T. alba, or a rock dove, C. livia, and development of malarial infections was recorded during the following 6 weeks. Individual sparrows exposed to a predator had a higher prevalence and intensity of Haemoproteus malarial infection than did control individuals. Therefore, exposure to predators reduced their ability of hosts to cope with parasitism mediated through effects on immune function. Copyright 2004.