Plasma Proteomes Can Be Reidentifiable and Potentially Contain Personally Sensitive and Incidental Findings.
Plasma Proteomes Can Be Reidentifiable and Potentially Contain Personally Sensitive and Incidental Findings.
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DOI：
10.1074/mcp.ra120.002359
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发表时间：
2021
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Mann M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Geyer PE;Mann SP;Treit PV;Mann M
临床蛋白质组学的目标是识别、量化和表征体液或组织中的蛋白质，以辅助患者的诊断、预后和治疗。在这方面，它类似于更成熟的组学技术，如基因组学，越来越多地应用于生物医学。我们认为，与这些领域类似，蛋白质组学也面临着与通过样本测量固有地获得的信息类型相关的伦理问题，尽管它们的获取不是主要目的。具体而言，我们证明了通过其特征，个体特异性蛋白质水平和编码单核苷酸多态性的变体肽报告来识别个体的潜力。此外，血浆蛋白质组学分析的本质是广泛地报告个体的健康状况，而不仅仅是所研究的疾病。最后，我们表明，私人和潜在的敏感信息，如种族和怀孕状况，可以越来越多地来自蛋白质组学数据。尽管这不仅对个人，而且对生物医学研究都有潜在价值，但它引发了与通过其他组学技术获得的偶然发现类似的伦理问题。我们在这里介绍的必要性，并认为可取的伦理和人权相关的问题，在蛋白质组学社区进行讨论。这些想法在我们的随附手稿中得到了更充分的阐述。对蛋白质组学研究伦理方面的理解和讨论将使临床蛋白质组学更深入，更明智，更多样化，最重要的是，更明智的指导方针。血浆蛋白质组可以基于蛋白质表达水平重新鉴定。血浆蛋白质组可以基于变体肽重新鉴定。血浆蛋白质组可以包含可操作的和不可操作的偶然发现。血浆蛋白质组可能包含敏感信息，如妊娠状态。由于其无偏见的性质，蛋白质组学可能会引起伦理和监管问题。血浆蛋白质组样本可以重新鉴定基因组信息。此外，血浆蛋白质组包含潜在敏感性的信息。偶然发现可以帮助诊断无关但可采取行动的疾病状态。
The goal of clinical proteomics is to identify, quantify, and characterize proteins in body fluids or tissue to assist diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of patients. In this way, it is similar to more mature omics technologies, such as genomics, that are increasingly applied in biomedicine. We argue that, similar to those fields, proteomics also faces ethical issues related to the kinds of information that is inherently obtained through sample measurement, although their acquisition was not the primary purpose. Specifically, we demonstrate the potential to identify individuals both by their characteristic, individual-specific protein levels and by variant peptides reporting on coding single nucleotide polymorphisms. Furthermore, it is in the nature of blood plasma proteomics profiling that it broadly reports on the health status of an individual—beyond the disease under investigation. Finally, we show that private and potentially sensitive information, such as ethnicity and pregnancy status, can increasingly be derived from proteomics data. Although this is potentially valuable not only to the individual, but also for biomedical research, it raises ethical questions similar to the incidental findings obtained through other omics technologies. We here introduce the necessity of—and argue for the desirability for—ethical and human-rights-related issues to be discussed within the proteomics community. Those thoughts are more fully developed in our accompanying manuscript. Appreciation and discussion of ethical aspects of proteomic research will allow for deeper, better-informed, more diverse, and, most importantly, wiser guidelines for clinical proteomics. Plasma proteomes can be reidentified based on protein expression levels. Plasma proteomes can be reidentified based on variant peptides. Plasma proteomes can contain actionable and nonactionable incidental findings. Plasma proteomes can contain sensitive information such as pregnancy status. Due to its unbiased nature, proteomics may raise ethical and regulatory concerns. Plasma proteome samples can be reidentified given genomic information. Furthermore, plasma proteomes contain information of potential sensitive nature. Incidental findings can help diagnose unrelated but actionable disease states.