Water and heat coupling processes and its simulation in frozen soils: Current status and future research directions
Water and heat coupling processes and its simulation in frozen soils: Current status and future research directions
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DOI：
10.1016/j.catena.2022.106844
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发表时间：
2023-03
期刊：
影响因子：
6.2
通讯作者：
G. Hu;Lin Zhao;Ren Li;Hotaek Park;Xiaodong Wu;Youqi Su;G. Guggenberger;Tonghua Wu;D. Zou
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
G. Hu;Lin Zhao;Ren Li;Hotaek Park;Xiaodong Wu;Youqi Su;G. Guggenberger;Tonghua Wu;D. Zou
目前，冻土水热耦合过程的研究主要集中在冻土变化的机理以及气候变化、水文过程和寒区生态系统的作用等方面。几项研究表明，在寒冷地区的水和热传递过程的模拟精度有了相当大的提高。然而，由于缺乏观测和对水和热传递过程的深入了解，不同的模型和参数化之间仍然存在很大差异。因此，有必要总结水热耦合过程模拟的最新进展和进一步研究的挑战。因此，我们提出了一个理论为重点的总结，在这一领域的进展，考虑方面的水流和耦合水热传递。从物理过程模型的角度讨论了模拟过程，一类模型只考虑无水流的热传导过程，另一类模型考虑水热耦合过程。对冻土非导热传热和土壤水分迁移过程模型的不足之处进行了总结。此外，主要的参数化，包括相变，冻融锋，导热系数，水力传导率，雪过程，地面参数化方案，地面冰，和低边界条件进行了审查。虽然模型和参数化可以适当地捕捉当地规模的水和热在冻土中的传输过程，其应用是时空限制，需要进一步改进。为进一步研究冻土水热传输过程提供了理论基础，建议今后的研究应在改进观测技术和高分辨率资料的基础上，提高冻土参数化的精度，提高对水热耦合过程的认识。
To date, most studies on coupled-water-and-heat processes in frozen soils haves focused on the mechanism of changes in frozen soil and the contribution of climate change, hydrological processes, and ecosystems in cold regions. Several studies have demonstrated considerable improvements in the accuracy of simulating water and heat transfer processes in cold regions. However, substantial differences remain among the different models and parameterizations because of the lack of observations and in-depth understanding of the water and heat transfer processes. Hence, it is necessary to summarize recent advances in the simulation of water-and-heat-coupling processes and challenges for further research. Therefore, we present a theory-focused summary of progress in this field considering the aspects of water flow and coupled-water-and-heat transfer. The simulation progress is discussed in terms of physical process models; one type of model only considers the heat conduction transfer processes without water flow, and the other considers coupled-water-and-heat transfer processes. Aspects of model deficiencies related to non-conductive heat transfer and soil water transfer processes in the frozen soil are also summarized. Moreover, the major parameterizations are reviewed, including phase changes, freeze–thaw fronts, thermal conductivity, hydraulic conductivity, snow processes, surface parameterization schemes, ground ice, and lower boundary conditions. While models and parameterizations can suitably capture local-scale water and heat transfer processes in frozen soil, their applications are spatiotemporally constrained, requiring further improvement. We provide a theoretical basis for further studying water and heat transfer processes in frozen soil and suggest that future research should enhance the accuracy of frozen soil parameterization and improve the understanding of the coupling of water and heat transfer processes based on improved observation techniques and high-resolution data.