Longer photoperiods through range shifts and artificial light lead to a destabilizing increase in host-parasitoid interaction strength.
Longer photoperiods through range shifts and artificial light lead to a destabilizing increase in host-parasitoid interaction strength.
复制标题
通过范围变化和人造光延长光周期会导致宿主与寄生蜂相互作用强度的不稳定增加。
DOI：
10.1111/1365-2656.13328
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发表时间：
2020
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Kehoe R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kehoe R
由于气候变化和夜间人工照明（ALAN）的增加，许多生物体正在经历不断变化的日常光照状况。活动模式通常由光周期驱动，这将对物种相互作用产生重要影响。我们使用实验室实验测试了较长的光周期是否会导致白天活动的寄生虫对其宿主的寄生率较高，在实验中，我们独立改变了日照长度和ALAN的存在。然后，我们测试了夜间温度降低是否会缓和ALAN的效果，我们发现，寄生率随着日照长度的增加而增加，只有当夜间温度不降低时，ALAN才会加强这种效果。ALAN的影响在短日照下更为明显。增加寄生活性没有得到补偿，减少寿命，表明增加日照导致总的寄生效应fitness.To测试的意义，增加寄生率的人口动态，我们开发了一个主机寄生模型。该模型的结果预测了达到平衡的时间随着日照长度的增加而增加，并且至关重要的是，超过阈值日照长度，相互作用是不稳定的，导致局部prections.In这里，我们证明了ALAN影响与日照长度和温度相互作用，通过以可预测的方式改变常见的白天活跃的消费者物种与其宿主之间的相互作用强度。我们的研究结果进一步表明，昆虫及其天敌所经历的范围扩大或ALAN诱导的光环境变化将导致不稳定的动态超过日照长度的关键临界点。
Many organisms are experiencing changing daily light regimes due to latitudinal range shifts driven by climate change and increased artificial light at night (ALAN). Activity patterns are often driven by light cycles, which will have important consequences for species interactions.We tested whether longer photoperiods lead to higher parasitism rates by a day‐active parasitoid on its host using a laboratory experiment in which we independently varied daylength and the presence of ALAN. We then tested whether reduced nighttime temperature tempers the effect of ALAN.We found that parasitism rate increased with daylength, with ALAN intensifying this effect only when the temperature was not reduced at night. The impact of ALAN was more pronounced under short daylength. Increased parasitoid activity was not compensated for by reduced life span, indicating that increased daylength leads to an increase in total parasitism effects on fitness.To test the significance of increased parasitism rate for population dynamics, we developed a host–parasitoid model. The results of the model predicted an increase in time‐to‐equilibrium with increased daylength and, crucially, a threshold daylength above which interactions are unstable, leading to local extinctions.Here we demonstrate that ALAN impact interacts with daylength and temperature by changing the interaction strength between a common day‐active consumer species and its host in a predictable way. Our results further suggest that range expansion or ALAN‐induced changes in light regimes experienced by insects and their natural enemies will result in unstable dynamics beyond key tipping points in daylength.