Crowdsourcing geographic information for disaster response: a research frontier
Crowdsourcing geographic information for disaster response: a research frontier
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DOI：
10.1080/17538941003759255
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发表时间：
2010-01-01
影响因子：
5.1
通讯作者：
Glennon, J. Alan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Goodchild, Michael F.;Glennon, J. Alan
地理数据和工具对于应急管理的各个方面都至关重要：准备、响应、恢复和缓解。由业余公民创建的地理信息（通常称为志愿地理信息）最近为来自测绘机构和公司的传统权威信息提供了有趣的替代方案，并且最近的几篇论文为关于这一新来源提出的更基本问题的文献提供了开端。数据质量是一个主要问题，因为自愿提供的信息是断言的，并且没有任何保证可以使人们对官方创建的数据产生信任。在紧急情况下，时间至关重要，自愿提供信息所带来的风险往往会被使用的好处所抵消。以 2007 年至 2009 年影响圣巴巴拉地区的四场野火为例进行讨论，并吸取教训。
Geographic data and tools are essential in all aspects of emergency management: preparedness, response, recovery, and mitigation. Geographic information created by amateur citizens, often known as volunteered geographic information, has recently provided an interesting alternative to traditional authoritative information from mapping agencies and corporations, and several recent papers have provided the beginnings of a literature on the more fundamental issues raised by this new source. Data quality is a major concern, since volunteered information is asserted and carries none of the assurances that lead to trust in officially created data. During emergencies time is the essence, and the risks associated with volunteered information are often outweighed by the benefits of its use. An example is discussed using the four wildfires that impacted the Santa Barbara area in 2007-2009, and lessons are drawn.