Microwave Radar/radiometer for Arctic Clouds MiRAC: First insights from the ACLOUD campaign
Microwave Radar/radiometer for Arctic Clouds MiRAC: First insights from the ACLOUD campaign
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适用于北极云 MiRAC 的微波雷达/辐射计：来自 ACLOUD 活动的初步见解
DOI：
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发表时间：
2019
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
S. Crewell
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Mech;L. Kliesch;A. Anhäuser;T. Rose;P. Kollias;S. Crewell
摘要。北极云微波雷达/辐射计（MiRAC）是极地5号研究飞机上为研究云层和降水的垂直结构和特征而开发的一种新型仪器包。MiRAC结合了94 GHz频率调制连续波（FMCW）雷达，包括89 GHz无源通道（miracle - a）和频率在175至340 GHz之间的8通道辐射计（miracle - p）。该雷达可以灵活地使用不同的啁啾序列，以提供低至5米的不同垂直分辨率的等效雷达反射率测量。MiRAC被安装在极地5号上，以实现与激光雷达和辐射测量的协同作用。为了减轻强表面后向散射的影响，雷达以向后倾斜约25°安装在极地5型飞机下的一个腹舱中。已开发了过滤地回波和范围旁瓣的程序。miracle - p频率特别适用于北极典型的低湿度条件，以提供有关水蒸气和水流星含量的信息。2017年5月/ 6月，在斯瓦尔巴群岛附近的cloud活动期间，MiRAC已在19次研究飞行中运行，提供了从飞行高度bbbb2300米进行的总共48小时的测量。雷达测量结果经过了仔细的质量控制和表面杂波、仪器安装和飞机方向的校正，以便在统一的地理参考垂直网格上提供测量结果，从而与其他最低点指向仪器相结合。与CloudSat的对比显示，在1.5 km的云顶高度和高达- 5 dBz的雷达反射率方面有很好的一致性，并表明MiRAC能够填补观测低层云的空白，其垂直分辨率高出10倍以上，直到地表以上约150 m。这对北极来说尤其重要，因为在ACLOUD期间，大约45%的云显示的云顶低于1200米，即CloudSat的盲区。
Abstract. The Microwave Radar/radiometer for Arctic Clouds (MiRAC) is a novel instrument package developed to study the vertical structure and characteristics of clouds and precipitation onboard the Polar 5 research aircraft. MiRAC combines a frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) radar at 94 GHz including a 89 GHz passive channel (MiRAC-A) and an eight channel radiometer with frequencies between 175 and 340 GHz (MiRAC-P). The radar can be flexibly operated using different chirp sequences to provide measurements of the equivalent radar reflectivity with different vertical resolution down to 5 m. MiRAC is mounted for down-looking geometry on Polar 5 to enable the synergy with lidar and radiation measurements. To mitigate the influence of the strong surface backscatter the radar is mounted with an inclination of about 25° backward in a belly pod under the Polar 5 aircraft. Procedures for filtering ground return and range side-lobes have been developed. MiRAC-P frequencies are especially adopted for low humidity conditions typical for the Arctic to provide information on water vapor and hydrometeor content. MiRAC has been operated on 19 research flights during the ACLOUD campaign in the vicinity of Svalbard in May/June 2017 providing in total 48 hours of measurements from flight altitudes > 2300 m. The radar measurements have been carefully quality controlled and corrected for surface clutter, mounting of the instrument, and aircraft orientation to provide measurements on a unified, geo-referenced vertical grid allowing the combination with the other nadir pointing instruments. An intercomparison with CloudSat shows good agreement in terms of cloud top height of 1.5 km and radar reflectivity up to −5 dBz and demonstrates that MiRAC is able to fill the gap in observing low level clouds with its more than ten times higher vertical resolution down to about 150 m above the surface. This is especially important for the Arctic as about 45 % of the clouds during ACLOUD showed cloud tops below 1200 m, i.e., the blind zone of CloudSat.
DOI：
10.1002/2014jd022079
发表时间：
2014-12
期刊：
Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres
影响因子：
--
作者：
M. Maahn;C. Burgard;S. Crewell;I. Gorodetskaya;S. Kneifel;S. Lhermitte;K. Van Tricht;N. P. M. Lipzig
通讯作者：
M. Maahn;C. Burgard;S. Crewell;I. Gorodetskaya;S. Kneifel;S. Lhermitte;K. Van Tricht;N. P. M. Lipzig
HAMP – 高空远程研究飞机 (HALO) 上的微波套件
影响因子：
3.8
作者：
Orlandi;Crewell;Hirsch;Peters;Stevens
通讯作者：
Stevens
观测到的北极混合相云从海冰过渡到公海时的微物理变化
影响因子：
6.3
作者：
Young G
通讯作者：
Young G