Genetic convergence of industrial melanism in three geometrid moths.
Genetic convergence of industrial melanism in three geometrid moths.
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三种尺蛾工业黑化病的遗传趋同。
DOI：
10.1098/rsbl.2019.0582
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发表时间：
2019
期刊：
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Van't Hof AE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Van't Hof AE
在 19 世纪和 20 世纪英国煤炭污染严重的地区，许多种类的深色（黑色）蛾类的兴起，以及 20 世纪 70 年代后的衰落，表明在社区层面存在着共同的选择压力（针对鸟类捕食者的伪装）。这种趋同表型反应在多大程度上依赖于相似的遗传和发育机制尚不清楚。我们通过测试以下假设来研究这个问题：Phigalia pilosaria 和 Odontopera bidentata（这两种尺蛾，显示出黑化病与煤炭污染之间存在很强的关联）中控制黑化的位点与 Biston betularia 中控制黑化的位点相同，而 Biston betularia 之前被认为是基因皮层。使用科材料进行的比较连锁图谱支持了这两个物种的假设，表明涉及皮质的黑化症存在一种高度保守的发育机制。然而，与 BritishB 中看到的强烈选择性扫描特征形成对比。对于桦木，在野生捕获的桦木样本中，皮层区域标记与黑色素形态之间没有检测到显着关联。毛毛虫和 O. bidentata，暗示后一物种中黑色素形态等位基因的起源要古老得多或多样化。
The rise of dark (melanic) forms of many species of moth in heavily coal-polluted areas of nineteenth- and twentieth-century Britain, and their post-1970s fall, point to a common selective pressure (camouflage against bird predators) acting at the community level. The extent to which this convergent phenotypic response relied on similar genetic and developmental mechanisms is unknown. We examine this problem by testing the hypothesis that the locus controlling melanism inPhigalia pilosariaandOdontopera bidentata, two species of geometrid moth that showed strong associations between melanism and coal pollution, is the same as that controlling melanism inBiston betularia, previously identified as the genecortex. Comparative linkage mapping using family material supports the hypothesis for both species, indicating a deeply conserved developmental mechanism for melanism involvingcortex. However, in contrast to the strong selective sweep signature seen in BritishB. betularia, no significant association was detected betweencortex-region markers and melanic morphs in wild-caught samples ofP. pilosariaandO. bidentata, implying much older, or diverse, origins of melanic morph alleles in these latter species.