Habitat use by carnivores at different spatial scales in a plantation forest landscape in Patagonia, Argentina
Habitat use by carnivores at different spatial scales in a plantation forest landscape in Patagonia, Argentina
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阿根廷巴塔哥尼亚人工林景观中不同空间尺度食肉动物的栖息地利用
DOI：
10.1016/j.foreco.2011.12.045
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发表时间：
2012
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
J. Hayes
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Lantschner;V. Rusch;J. Hayes
森林种植园是世界各地日益重要的工业木材来源，种植园的设计和管理可以极大地影响与野生动物的关系。这项研究的目的是研究阿根廷巴塔哥尼亚西北部将本地开阔植被转变为针叶林对哺乳动物食肉动物群落的影响。我们在69个地点进行了相机诱捕调查，并评估了食肉动物群落的组成和针叶树种植园和本地植被的栖息地用途。我们还评估了与食肉动物相关的林分和景观尺度上的栖息地特征。共检出4种食肉动物，分别是：石斑鱼(Lycalopex Culpaeus)、龙须鱼(Conepatus Chinga)、华彩美洲狮(Puma Concolor)和格弗罗伊豹(Leopardus Geoffroyi)。库尔巴乌斯(L.culpaeus)和华山松(C.chinga)最常使用连续的原生植被，但也使用密集的针叶林，在防护林和稀疏人工林中往往比密集人工林更丰富。L.geoffroyi几乎完全局限于连续的原生植被，但也在林区和种植园之间的原生植被残留物中检测到；该物种从未在种植园中检测到。在所有栖息地类型中都检测到有色拟青蛙，没有表现出任何偏好。在林分尺度上，食肉动物的存在与林下植物多样性、树木密度和猎物可获得性有关，在景观尺度上与原始植被的面积有关。我们的结果表明，林分和景观尺度的管理决策会影响该地区野生动物的栖息地质量。
Forest plantations are an increasingly important source of industrial wood around the world, and the design and management of plantations can greatly influence the relationship with wildlife. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of conversion of native open vegetation to conifer plantations on mammalian carnivore assemblages in NW Patagonia, Argentina. We conducted camera-trap surveys at 69 sites and assessed composition of carnivore assemblages and habitat use in conifer plantations and native vegetation. We also evaluated habitat characteristics at stand and landscape scales related to presence of carnivores. Four species of carnivores were detected: Lycalopex culpaeus, Conepatus chinga, Puma concolor, and Leopardus geoffroyi. L. culpaeus and C. chinga used continuous native vegetation most frequently, but also used dense conifer plantations and tended to be more abundant in firebreaks and sparse plantations than in dense plantations. L. geoffroyi was almost fully restricted to continuous native vegetation, but was also detected in firebreaks and native vegetation remnants between plantations; this species was never detected in plantations. P. concolor was detected in all habitat types and did not exhibit any preference. The presence of carnivores was associated with understory diversity, tree density, and prey availability at the stand scale, and with amount of area with native vegetation at the landscape scale. Our results suggest that management decisions at the stand and landscape scales can influence habitat quality for wildlife in the region.