The explosive activity of Karymskii Volcano, Kamchatka: Acoustic and seismic observations
The explosive activity of Karymskii Volcano, Kamchatka: Acoustic and seismic observations
复制标题
堪察加半岛卡林姆斯基火山的爆发活动：声学和地震观测
DOI：
10.1134/s0742046313040039
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发表时间：
2013
影响因子：
0.7
通讯作者：
E. Makhmudov
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
P. Firstov;David Fee;E. Makhmudov
卡雷姆斯基火山通常表现出爆炸活动，爆炸频率和能量变化很大。这里展示了火山活动的三个时间段（1970-1973、1976-1980 和 1996-2000）。我们研究了受陨石坑形态和活动特征控制的各种类型的地震和声发射。爆炸漏斗在火山口区域迁移，1976年的喷发-爆炸式喷发发生在两个熔岩流喷发中心；这里的解释是，岩浆沿着管道移动时分层形成一组垂直的细丝。 2011 年 8 月记录的空气中冲击波的形状支持这一假设，即该时期的主要爆炸机制是在减压过程中充满气体的粘性多孔岩浆中产生的碎裂波。人们注意到，2011 年记录的一些空气中冲击波的形状表明陨石坑上方发生了空气爆炸。空气爆炸可能是由大量进入大气中的一氧化碳和氢气（CO 和 H2）等可燃火山气体引起的。
Karymskii Volcano typically shows explosive activity with great variations in the frequency and energy of explosions. This is demonstrated here for three time segments of the volcano’s activity (1970–1973, 1976–1980, and 1996–2000). We examine various types of seismic and acoustic emission as controlled by crater morphology and the character of activity. The explosion funnels migrated over the crater area, and the 1976 effusive-explosive eruption occurred at two centers of lava flow effusion; this is here explained by the fact that magma as it was moving along the conduit was stratified to form a set of vertical filaments. The shape of shock waves in air recorded in August 2011 favors the hypothesis that the leading explosive mechanism during that period was a fragmentation wave that was produced in a gas-charged, viscous, porous magma during decompression. One notices that the shape of some shock waves in air recorded in 2011 indicates the occurrence of air blasts above the crater. The air blasts may have been caused by combustible volcanic gases such as carbon monoxide and hydrogen (CO and H2), which entered the atmosphere in sufficient amounts.