Governance and the Capacity to Manage Resilience in Regional Social-Ecological Systems
Governance and the Capacity to Manage Resilience in Regional Social-Ecological Systems
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DOI：
10.5751/es-01606-110119
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发表时间：
2006-03
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
L. Lebel;J. Anderies;B. Campbell;C. Folke;S. Hatfield-Dodds;T. Hughes;James A. Wilson
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
L. Lebel;J. Anderies;B. Campbell;C. Folke;S. Hatfield-Dodds;T. Hughes;James A. Wilson
区域发展的可持续性可以通过几个不同的视角进行有益的探索。在不确定性和变化是生态景观和社会组织的主要特征的情况下，可持续性的关键因素是复原力、应对和适应能力以及保护创新和更新的源泉。然而，为了改变复原力而对社会生态系统进行干预，立即面临治理问题。谁来决定应该让什么对什么有弹性？弹性是为谁管理的，目的是什么？在本文中，我们借鉴了来自世界各地的各种案例研究的见解，在这些案例研究中，复原力联盟的成员观察到或参与了区域范围内的可持续性问题。我们的中心问题是：治理的某些属性如何在社会中发挥作用，以增强管理韧性的能力？会议探讨了三个具体主张：(1)参与建立信任，审议导致动员和自我组织所需的共同理解；(2)多中心和多层次的机构改善知识、行动和社会生态环境之间的契合性，使社会能够在适当的层面上更具适应性；(3)也追求利益公平分配和非自愿风险的问责当局加强弱势群体和整个社会的适应能力。所有三个主张的部分内容都得到了一些支持。在探索区域社会生态系统的可持续性时，我们通常面临一套生态系统产品和服务，这些产品和服务与具有不同技术、兴趣和权力水平的用户集合互动。在这种情况下，作为分析师、促进者、变革推动者或利益相关者，我们不仅需要问：什么的弹性，对什么的适应能力？我们还必须问：为了谁？
The sustainability of regional development can be usefully explored through several different lenses. In situations in which uncertainties and change are key features of the ecological landscape and social organization, critical factors for sustainability are resilience, the capacity to cope and adapt, and the conservation of sources of innovation and renewal. However, interventions in social-ecological systems with the aim of altering resilience immediately confront issues of governance. Who decides what should be made resilient to what? For whom is resilience to be managed, and for what purpose? In this paper we draw on the insights from a diverse set of case studies from around the world in which members of the Resilience Alliance have observed or engaged with sustainability problems at regional scales. Our central question is: How do certain attributes of governance function in society to enhance the capacity to manage resilience? Three specific propositions were explored: (1) participation builds trust, and deliberation leads to the shared understanding needed to mobilize and self-organize; (2) polycentric and multilayered institutions improve the fit between knowledge, action, and social-ecological contexts in ways that allow societies to respond more adaptively at appropriate levels; and (3) accountable authorities that also pursue just distributions of benefits and involuntary risks enhance the adaptive capacity of vulnerable groups and society as a whole. Some support was found for parts of all three propositions. In exploring the sustainability of regional social-ecological systems, we are usually faced with a set of ecosystem goods and services that interact with a collection of users with different technologies, interests, and levels of power. In this situation in our roles as analysts, facilitators, change agents, or stakeholders, we not only need to ask: The resilience of what, to what? We must also ask: For whom?